Method and system for using data structures to store database information for multiple vendors and model support for remotely monitored devices

ABSTRACT

In a communication system having one or more monitored devices communicatively coupled to a monitoring system, a database having information related to the one or more monitored devices, a method of obtaining and maintaining, in the monitoring system, information related to the monitored devices is described. The method includes enabling the monitoring system to access the database in order to retrieve information related to the monitored devices, populating a first data structure with information retrieved from the database, determining if a monitored device is supported by the monitoring system using information from the database, and establishing communication with the monitored device in order to obtain status information of the monitored device if the monitored device is determined to be supported by the monitoring system.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is related to commonly owned co pending U.S. PatentApplication Ser. No. 60/359,648 filed Feb. 27, 2002 entitled“Architecture of The Remote Monitoring of Devices Through the LocalMonitoring Station and Sending to the Central Station in Which theMultiple Vendors are Supported” which is incorporated herein byreference in its entirety. This application is related to the followingcommonly owned co pending Applications: U.S. patent application Ser. No.10/225,290 filed Aug. 22, 2002, entitled “Method and System forMonitoring Network Connected Devices with Multiple Protocols”; U.S.patent application Ser. No. 10/068,861, filed Feb. 11, 2002, entitled“Method and Apparatus Utilizing Communication Means Hierarchy toConfigure or Monitor an Interface Device”; U.S. patent application Ser.No. 10/142,989, filed May 13, 2002, entitled “Verification Scheme forEmail Message Containing Information About Remotely Monitored Devices”;U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/756,120, filed Jan. 9, 2001,entitled “Method and System of Remote Support of Device Using Email”;U.S. Patent Application entitled “Method and Apparatus for ModifyingRemote Devices monitored by a Monitoring System”, filed May 31, 2002;U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/975,935, filed Oct. 15, 2001,entitled “Method and System for Remote Support of Device Using EmailBased Upon Pop3 With Decryption Capability Through Virtual Function”;U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/953,358, filed Sep. 17, 2001,entitled “Method and System of Remote Support of Device Using EmailThrough Data Transfer Module”; U.S. patent application Ser. No.10/162,402, filed Jun. 5, 2002, entitled “Method and System to Use HTTPand Html/xml for Monitoring the Devices”; U.S. patent application Ser.No. 10/157,903 filed May 31, 2002, entitled “Method for ScramblingInformation about Network Devices That is Placed in Email Message”; U.S.patent application Ser. No. 10/162,402, filed Jun. 5, 2002, entitled“Method and System to Use Http and Html/xml for Monitoring the Devices”;U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/921,707, filed Aug. 6, 2001,entitled “Universal Controller in The Wireless Networked Environment”;and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/953,359, filed Sep. 17, 2001,entitled “System, Method, and Computer Program Product for SendingRemote Device Configuration Information to a Monitor Using E-Mail”; U.S.Patent Application filed concurrently herewith and entitled “Method andsystem for using vectors of data structures for extracting informationfrom web pages of remotely monitored devices”; and U.S. PatentApplication filed concurrently herewith and entitled “method and systemfor using internal data structures for storing information related toremotely monitored devices”, the disclosures of all the aboveapplications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to monitoring devices connected to a network.More particularly, it relates to a method and system for obtaining andmaintaining information pertaining to vendors and models of monitoreddevices supported by a monitoring system.

2. Discussion of Related Art

As is generally known, computer systems include hardware and software.Software includes a list of instructions that are created to operate andmanage hardware components that make up a computer system. Typically,computer systems include a variety of hardware components/devices thatinterface with one another. The computer system can be a stand-alonetype or a networked type. In a networked typed computer system, aplurality of distinct devices are connected to a network and thuscommunication between these distinct devices is enabled via the network.

Also, software for operating the hardware devices needs to be configuredin order to allow communication between the hardware devices so that thehardware devices are enabled to function cooperatively. Further, inorder to facilitate such a communication, it is also desirable forhardware devices to be monitored and the status of each hardware deviceidentified in order to ensure that each hardware device is functioningin an efficient manner.

For the purposes of this patent application, the inventor has determinedthat a hardware device that is configuring or monitoring the pluralityof distinct devices or hardware devices would be referred to as amonitoring device and the hardware devices that are being monitored bythe monitoring device would be referred to as “monitored devices”.

For hardware devices that are located on a network, it is desirable forthese devices to be monitored for maintenance, usage, or other purposes.However, in view of manufacturer differences relating to hardwaredevices and interfaces, it may be difficult for a monitoring device tocommunicate with various other devices connected to a network. Such adisadvantage most likely prevents network administrators from obtainingcrucial information about the performance and efficiency of the devicesconnected to the network.

The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is today a de-factoindustry standard for monitoring and management of devices on datacommunication networks, telecommunication systems and other globallyreachable devices. Practically every organization dealing with computersand related devices expects to be able to centrally monitor, diagnoseand configure each such device across local and wide area networks. SNMPis the protocol that enables this interaction.

In order for a device to respond to SNMP requests it is desirable toequip the device with the software that enables it to properly interpretan SNMP request, perform the actions required by that request andproduce an SNMP reply. The SNMP agent software is typically a subsystemsoftware module residing in a network-entity.

The collection of objects implemented by a system is generally referredto as a Management Information Base (MIB). An MIB may also be a databasewith information related to the monitoring of devices. Examples of otherMIB's include Ethernet MIB, which focuses on Ethernet interfaces; BridgeMIB, which defines objects for the management of 802.1D bridges, to namea few.

Using SNMP for monitoring devices is difficult as private MIB's includevalues that are hard to decipher without a valid key. A company usingSNMP for monitoring various devices, connected to its network, creates aunique identifier/key that is maintained as proprietary information ofthe company. For most part, the results are displayed as binary orinteger values. Thus, using SNMP, results received from the devices thatare being monitored (“monitored devices”), fail to provide a user thestatus of the monitored devices in a user comprehensible manner.

Further, using SNMP, it is difficult for one to obtain detailedinformation about a monitored device without a valid key or access to aprivate MIB to decipher the results obtained as binary or integervalues.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The system and method of the present invention addresses a solution tothe above-identified problems by enabling monitoring of devices that areconnected to a network, and obtaining and maintaining informationrelated to monitored devices that are supported by a monitoring system.

Information about vendors and models supported by the monitoring systemare stored in a database. Using the database to determine the vendorsand models supported by the monitoring system allows flexibility inchanging the supported vendors and models without actually changing theunderlying code. Efficiency of the monitoring system is improved byeliminating multiple accesses of the database in order to determine ifeach of the monitored devices are supported by the monitoring system. Byfacilitating retrieval of all the information about the vendors andmodels of monitored devices supported by the monitoring system byperforming minimum number of accesses of the database, and preferably,retrieving the desired information in a single access of the database,the efficiency of the monitoring system is improved. The retrievedinformation is stored in data structures of a database supported by themonitoring system. A Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) may be used toaccess information from the monitored devices.

One aspect of this invention provides in a communication system havingone or more monitored devices communicatively coupled to a monitoringsystem, a database having information related to the one or moremonitored devices, a method of obtaining and maintaining, in themonitoring system, information related to the monitored devicescomprising a) enabling the monitoring system to access the database inorder to retrieve information related to the monitored devices; b)populating a first data structure with information retrieved from thedatabase; c) determining if a monitored device is supported by themonitoring system using information from the database; and d)establishing communication with the monitored device in order to obtainstatus information of the monitored device if the monitored device isdetermined to be supported by the monitoring system.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a method of obtainingand maintaining information about one or more monitored devices in amonitoring system, comprising a) storing vendor information and vendormodel information related to the monitored devices in a database; b)enabling a monitoring system to access the database in order to retrievethe stored vendor information and vendor model information; c)populating a first data structure with vendor information retrieved fromthe database; d) populating a second data structure with vendor modelinformation if no further vendor information remains to be populated inthe first data structure; e) determining if a monitored device issupported by the monitoring system using information from the database;and f) establishing communication with the monitored device to obtainstatus information of a monitored device if the monitored device isdetermined to be supported by the monitoring system.

The present invention also identifies various vendors of monitoreddevices and the device models that are supported by the monitoringsystem as described herein. Since various vendors of the monitoreddevices present information about a monitored device in avendor-specific manner, the present invention enables identifying thevendor and model of the monitored device to determine the operationalstatus of the monitored device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A more complete appreciation of the invention and many of the attendantadvantages thereof will be readily obtained as the same becomes betterunderstood by reference of the following detailed description whenconsidered in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 illustrates three networked business office devices connected toa network of computers and databases through the Internet;

FIG. 2 illustrates the components of a digital image forming apparatus;

FIG. 3 illustrates the electronic components of the digital imageforming apparatus illustrated in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 illustrates details of a multi-port communication interfaceillustrated in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 illustrates an alternative system configuration in which businessoffice devices are either connected directly to the network or connectedto a computer which is connected to the network;

FIG. 6A is a block diagram illustrating a flow of information to andfrom an application unit using electronic mail;

FIG. 6B illustrates an alternative way of communicating using electronicmail in which a computer that is connected to the application unit alsoserves as a Message Transfer Agent (MTA);

FIG. 6C illustrates an alternative way of communicating using electronicmail in which an application unit includes a message transfer agent forexchanging electronic mail;

FIG. 6D illustrates an alternative way of communicating using electronicmail in which a mail server acts as a POP3 server to receive mail for anappliance/device and as an Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) serverto send mail for the appliance/device;

FIG. 7 illustrates an alternative manner of sending messages across theInternet;

FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary computer which may be connected to anappliance/device and used to communicate electronic mail messages;

FIG. 9A is a schematic representation of the overall system inaccordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9B illustrates an exemplary web page interface for a monitoreddevice in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 10 illustrates modules used in the monitoring of the data and theirinterface functions in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 11 shows details within the Monitor module and their callingfunctions between the sub-modules;

FIG. 12 shows a data structure used by HTTP_HTML submodule andSupportInfoODBC sub-module as illustrated in FIG. 11 of the presentinvention;

FIG. 13 shows the sequence of the init function of Monitor module 1006illustrated in FIG. 10 of the present invention;

FIG. 14 illustrates an exemplary map data structure used by HTTP_HTMLsub-module as illustrated in FIG. 11 of the present invention;

FIG. 15 shows a vector of the reference to the devices created byDeviceFactory and used by the MonitorManager as illustrated in FIG. 13of the present invention;

FIG. 16 shows a sequence of the monitorStatus function as illustrated inFIG. 10;

FIGS. 17A-17C show table relationship stored in a database to supportinformation collection through the HTTP;

FIG. 18 shows another embodiment of the present invention where multipleprotocols are used to collect information from a plurality of monitoreddevices.

FIG. 19 shows a schematic for e-mailing information about monitoreddevices to a desired party;

FIG. 20 shows a class diagram for the HTTP_HTML package as shown in FIG.11;

FIG. 21 shows a sequence diagram for executing the init( ) function ofCHTTP_HTML as shown in FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 shows a vector used by the class CHTTP_HTML as shown in FIG. 20;

FIG. 23 shows a map used by the class CHTTP_HTML as shown in FIG. 20 tostore information about a vendor, model, vendor model ID, andinformation used to obtain a unique identifier of a monitored devicefrom its web page;

FIG. 24 shows a flow chart for executing the init( ) function ofCHTTP_HTML as shown in FIG. 20;

FIG. 25 shows a sequence diagram for executing the getStatus( ) functionof CHTTP_HTML as shown in FIG. 20;

FIG. 26 shows vectors used by the class CHTMLProcessor as shown in FIG.20 to obtain information from a web page of a monitored device;

FIG. 27 shows a flow chart for executing the searchDataFromHTML( )function of CHTMLProcessor as shown in FIG. 20;

FIG. 28 shows an exemplary schematic of two vectors m_KeyValueVector andm_LocateValueVector and lines from a web page of a monitored device;

FIG. 29 shows a sequence diagram for executing the getVendorModelID( )function of CHTTP_HTML as shown in FIG. 20;

FIG. 30 shows the class diagram of the SupportInfoODBC package as shownin FIG. 11;

FIG. 31 shows the sequence diagram for executing the getVendorModelID( )function of the HTTP_HTML package as shown in FIG. 20;

FIG. 32 shows a flow chart for executing the setVendorModelID( ) of theCSupportInfoODBC shown in FIG. 31; and

FIG. 33 shows a flow chart for executing the getWebPageInfo( ) ofCSupportInfoODBC shown in FIG. 31.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic having various devices and computers formonitoring, diagnosing and controlling the operation of the devices.Specifically, FIG. 1 includes a first network 16, such as a Local AreaNetwork (LAN) connected to computer workstations 17, 18, 20 and 22. Theworkstations can be any type of computers including, e.g., IBM PersonalComputer compatible devices, Unix-based computers, Linux-based computersor Apple Macintoshes. Also connected to the network 16 are a digitalimage forming apparatus 24, a facsimile machine 28, and a printer 32. Aswould be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art, two or more ofthe components of the digital image forming apparatus 24 and thefacsimile machine 28 can be combined into a unified “image formingapparatus.” For example, the image forming apparatus 24, facsimilemachine 28, and printer 32 and the workstations 17, 18, 20 and 22 may bereferred to as machines or monitored devices. In some configurations,one or more workstations may be converted to business office appliances.

One example of such a business office appliance is eCabinet® from RicohCorporation. Also, a facsimile server (not illustrated) may be connectedto the network 16 and have a telephone, Integrated Services DigitalNetwork (ISDN), cable or wireless connection. Each of the digital imageforming apparatus 24, facsimile machine 28, and printer 32 in additionto being connected to the network 16, may also include conventionaltelephone and/or ISDN and/or cable and/or wireless connections 26, 30and 34, respectively. As explained below, the monitored devices 24, 28and 32, respectively, communicate with a remote monitoring, diagnosis,and control station, also referred to as a monitoring device, through,for example, the Internet via the network 16 or by a direct telephone,ISDN, wireless, or cable connection.

In another exemplary business environment, monitored devices may includesuch devices as multi-function imaging device, scanner, projector,conferencing system and shredder. In another application, the network 16may be a home network where monitored devices are meters (electricity,gas, water) and appliances such as, for example, microwave oven, washer,dryer, dishwasher, home entertainment system, refrigerator, rice cooker,heater, air condition, water heater, security camera.

In FIG. 1, a wide area network (WAN) (e.g., the Internet or itssuccessor) is generally designated by 10. The WAN 10 can be either aprivate WAN, a public WAN or a hybrid type. The WAN 10 includes aplurality of interconnected computers and routers designated by 12A-12I.The manner of communicating over a WAN is known through a series ofRequest for Comments (RFC) documents available from the InternetEngineering Task Force (IETF) at http://www.ietf.org/rfc.html, includingRFC 821 entitled “Simple Mail Transfer Protocol”; RFC 822 entitled“Standard for the Format of ARPA Internet Text Message”; RFC 959entitled “File Transfer Protocol (FTP)”; RFC 2045 entitled “MultipurposeInternet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet MessageBodies”; RFC 1894 entitled “An Extensible Message Format for DeliveryStatus Notifications”; RFC 1939 entitled “Post Office protocol—Version3”; RFC 2068 “Hypertext Transfer Protocol—HTTP/1.1”; and RFC 2298entitled “An Extensible Message Format for Message DispositionNotifications.” The contents of each of these references areincorporated herein by reference.

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) relatedcommunication is described, for example, in the book “TCP/IPIllustrated,” Vol. 1, The Protocols, by W. R. Stevens, fromAddison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1994, the entire contents of which isincorporated herein by reference. Volumes 1-3 of “Internetworking withTCP/IP” by Comer and Stevens are also incorporated herein by referencein their entirety.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 1, a firewall 50A is connected between theWAN 10 and the network 16. A firewall is a device that allows onlyauthorized computers on one side of the firewall to access a network,computers or individual parts on the other side of the firewall.Firewalls are known and commercially available devices and/or software(e.g., ZoneAlarm from Zone Labs). Similarly, firewalls 50B and 50Cseparate the WAN 10 from a network 52 and a workstation 42,respectively. Additional details on firewalls can be found in “Firewallsand Internet Security” by W. R. Cheswick, and S. M. Bellovin, 1994,AddisonWesley Publishing, and “Building Internet Firewalls” by D. B.Chapman and E. D. Zwicky, 1995, O'Reilly & Associates, Inc. The entirecontents of those two references are incorporated herein by reference.

The network 52 is a conventional network and includes a plurality ofworkstations 56, 62, 68 and 74. These workstations may be distributivelylocated within different departments (e.g., marketing, manufacturing,design engineering, and customer service departments) within a singlecompany. In addition to the workstations connected via the network 52, aworkstation 42 is not directly connected to the network 52 is alsoprovided. Information in a database stored in a disk 46 connected to theworkstation 42 may be shared using proper encryption and protocols overthe WAN 10 to the workstations connected directly to the network 52.Also, the workstation 42 includes a direct connection to a telephoneline and/or an ISDN and/or a cable network and/or a wireless network 44,and the database in disk 46 may be accessed through the telephone line,the ISDN, the cable network or via the wireless network 44. The cablenetwork used by this invention may be implemented using a cable networkthat is typically used to carry television programming, a cable thatprovides for high-speed communication of digital data typically usedwith computers or the like, or any other desired type of cable.

In another embodiment, the workstation 42 can be a laptop computer, aPDA, a palm top computer or a cellular phone with network capability.These devices may be used to access information stored in the databasestored in the disk 46.

Information related to the business office machines, business devices orbusiness office appliances 24, 28 and 32, respectively, may be stored inone or more of the databases stored in the disks 46, 54, 58, 64, 70 and76. Known databases include (1) SQL databases by Microsoft, IBM, Oracleand Sybase (2) other relational databases, and (3) non-relationaldatabases (including object oriented databases from Objectivity, JYDSoftware Engineering, and Orient Technologies). Each of the customerservice, marketing, manufacturing, and engineering departments may havetheir own database or may share one or more databases. Each of the disksused to store databases is a non-volatile memory such as a hard disk oroptical disk. Alternatively, the databases may be stored in any storagedevice including solid state and/or semiconductor memory devices. Forexample, disk 64 may be stored with a marketing database, disk 58 may bestored with a manufacturing database, disk 70 may be stored with anengineering database, and disk 76 may be stored with a customer servicedatabase. Alternatively, the disks 54 and 46 maybe stored with one ormore of the databases.

In addition to the workstations 56, 62, 68, 74 and 42 being connected tothe WAN 10, these workstations may also include a connection to atelephone line, ISDN, cable, or wireless networks for providing a secureconnection to a machine/device being monitored, diagnosed and/orcontrolled. Additionally, if one of the communication media is notoperating properly, one of the others may be automatically used, as abackup, for communication.

A feature of the present invention is the use of a “store-and-forward”mode of communication (e.g., Internet electronic mail, also referred toherein as e-mail) or transmission between a machine and acomputer/monitoring system for diagnosing and controlling the machine.Alternatively, the message which is transmitted may be implemented usinga mode of communication that makes direct, end-to-end connections (e.g.,using a socket connection to the ultimate destination) such as FTP andHyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP).

FIG. 2 illustrates the mechanical layout of the digital image formingapparatus 24 illustrated in FIG. 1. In FIG. 2, 101 is a fan for thescanner, 102 is a polygonal mirror used with a laser printer, and 103designates an F Θ lens used to collimate light from a laser (notillustrated). Reference numeral 104 designates a sensor for detectinglight from the scanner. Reference numeral 105 designates a lens forfocusing light from the scanner onto the sensor 104, and referencenumeral 106 designates a quenching lamp used to erase images on thephotoconductive drum 132. There is a charging corona unit 107 and adeveloping roller 108. Reference numeral 109 designates a lamp used toillustrate a document to be scanned and 110, 111, and 112 designatemirrors for reflecting light onto the sensor 104. A drum mirror 113 isprovided to reflect light to the photoconductive drum 132 originatingfrom the polygon mirror 102. A fan 114 is used to cool the charging areaof the digital image forming apparatus, and a first paper feed roller115 is used for feeding paper from the first paper cassette 117, and areference numeral 116 designates a manual feed table. Similarly, asecond feed paper feed roller 118 is used in conjunction with the secondcassette 119. Reference numeral 120 designates a relay roller, 121designates a registration roller, 122 designates an image densitysensor, and 123 designates a transfer/separation corona unit. Referencenumeral 124 designates a cleaning unit, 125 designates a vacuum fan, 126designates a transport belt, 127 designates a pressure roller; and 128designates an exit roller. A hot roller 129 is used to fix toner ontothe paper, 130 designates an exhaust fan, and a main motor 131 is usedto drive the digital image forming apparatus 24.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating the electronic components of thedigital image forming apparatus 24 of FIG. 2, wherein CPU 160 is amicroprocessor which acts as a controller of the apparatus. Randomaccess memory (RAM) 162 stores dynamically changing informationincluding operating parameters of the digital image forming apparatus24. A non-volatile memory (e.g., a read only memory (ROM) 164 or a FlashMemory) stores program code used to run the digital image formingapparatus as well as static-state data, describing the image formingapparatus 24 (e.g., the model number, serial number of the copier, anddefault parameters).

A multi-port network interface 166 is provided to enable the digitalimage forming apparatus 24 to communicate with external devices throughat least one communication network. Reference number 168 represents atelephone, ISDN, or cable line, and numeral 170 represents another typeof network different from the network identified at 168. Additionaldetails of the multi-port network interface are set forth with respectto FIG. 5. An interface controller 172 is used to connect an operationpanel 174 to a system bus 186. The operation panel 174 includes standardinput and output devices found on a digital image forming apparatus 24including a copy button, keys to control the operation of the imageforming apparatus such as, for example, number of copies,reduction/enlargement, darkness/lightness, etc. Additionally, a liquidcrystal display may be included within the operation panel 174 todisplay parameters and messages of the digital image forming apparatus24 to a user.

A local connection interface 171 is a connection through local portssuch as RS232, the parallel printer port, USB, and IEEE 1394. FireWire(IEEE 1394) is described in Wickelgren, I., “The Facts About “FireWire”,IEEE Spectrum, April 1997, Vol. 34, Number 4, pp. 19-25, the entirecontents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Preferably, a“reliable” communication protocol is used which includes error detectionand retransmission.

A storage interface 176 connects storage devices to the system bus 186.For example, the storage devices include a flash memory 178, which canbe substituted by a conventional Electrically Erasable Programmable ReadOnly Memory (EEPROM), and a disk 182. The disk 182 may be a hard disk,optical disk, and/or a floppy disk drive. Additional memory devices maybe connected to the digital image forming apparatus 24 via connection180. The flash memory 178 is used to store semi-static state data whichdescribes parameters of the digital image forming apparatus 24 whichinfrequently change over the life of the apparatus 24. Such parametersinclude, for example, the options and configuration of the digital imageforming apparatus. An option interface 184 allows additional hardwaresuch as an external interface to be connected to the digital imageforming apparatus 24. A clock/timer 187 is utilized to keep track ofboth the time and date and also to measure elapsed time.

FIG. 3 also illustrates the various sections making up the digital imageforming apparatus 24. Reference numeral 202 designates a sorter andcontains sensors and actuators that are used to sort the output of thedigital image forming apparatus 24. A duplexer 200 allows performance ofa duplex operation. The duplexer 200 includes conventional sensors andactuators. A large capacity tray unit 198 is provided for allowing papertrays holding a large number of sheets. As with the duplexer 200, thetray unit 198 includes conventional sensors and actuators as well.

A paper feed controller 196 is used to control the operation of feedingpaper into and through the digital image forming device. A scanner 194is used to scan images into the digital image forming device-andincludes conventional scanning elements such as a light, mirror, etc.Additionally, scanner sensors are used such as a home position sensor todetermine that the scanner is in the home position, and a lampthermistor is used to ensure proper operation of the scanning lamp. Aprinter/imager 192 prints the output of the digital image formingdevice, and includes a conventional laser printing mechanism, a tonersensor, and an image density sensor. The fuser 190 is used to fuse thetoner onto the page using a high temperature roller and includes an exitsensor, a thermistor to assure that the fuser 190 is not overheating,and an oil sensor. Additionally, there is an optional unit interface 188used to connect to optional elements of the digital image forming devicesuch as an automatic document feeder, a different type ofsorter/collator, or other elements which can be added to the digitalimage forming device.

FIG. 4 illustrates details of the multi-port network interface 166. Thedigital image forming device may communicate to external devices througha token ring interface 220, a cable modem unit 222, which has a highspeed connection over cable, a conventional telephone interface 224,which connects to a telephone line 168A, an ISDN interface 226, whichconnects to an ISDN line 168B, a wireless interface 228, or an ethernetinterface 230, which connects to a LAN 170. Other interfaces mayinclude, but are not limited to, a Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)(original DSL, concentric DSL, and asymmetric DSL). A single devicewhich connects to both a Local Area Network and a telephone line iscommercially available from Intel and is known as Intel Pro10/100+Modem.

The CPU or other microprocessor or circuitry executes a monitoringprocess to monitor the state of each of the sensors of the digital imageforming device, and a sequencing process is used to execute theinstructions of the code used to control and operate the digital imageforming device. Additionally, there is (1) a central system controlprocess executed to control the overall operation of the digital imageforming device, and (2) a communication process used to assure reliablecommunication to external devices connected to the digital image formingdevice. The system control process monitors and controls data storage ina static state memory (e.g., the ROM 164 of FIG. 3), a semi-staticmemory (e.g., the flash memory 178 or disk 182), or the dynamic statememory (e.g., a volatile or non-volatile memory (e.g., the RAM 162 orthe flash memory 178 or disk 182). Additionally, the static state memorymay be a device other than the ROM 164 such as a non-volatile memoryincluding either of the flash memory 178 or disk 182.

The above details have been described with respect to a digital imageforming device, but the present invention is equally applicable to otherbusiness office machines or devices such as an analog copier, afacsimile machine, a scanner, a printer, a facsimile server, projector,conferencing equipment, shredder, or other business office machines, abusiness office appliance, or other appliances (e.g., a microwave oven,VCR, digital camera, cellular phone, palm top computer). Additionally,the present invention includes other types of devices which operateusing store-and-forward or direct connection-based communication. Suchdevices include metering systems (including gas, water, or electricitymetering systems), vending machines, or any mechanical device (e.g.,automobiles) that needs to be monitored during operation or remotediagnosis. In addition to monitoring special purpose machines andcomputers, the invention can be used to monitor, control, and diagnose ageneral purpose computer that would be the monitored and/or controlleddevice.

FIG. 5 illustrates an alternative system diagram of the presentinvention in which different devices and subsystems are connected to theWAN 10. However, there is no requirement to have each of these devicesor subsystems as part of the invention. Each component or subsystemillustrated in FIG. 5 is individually part of the invention. Further,the elements illustrated in FIG. 1 may be connected to the WAN 10 whichis illustrated in FIG. 5. In FIG. 5, there is illustrated a firewall50-1 connected to an intranet 260-1. A service machine 254 connected tothe intranet 260-1 includes therein, or has connected thereto, data 256that may be stored in a database format. The data 256 includes history,performance, malfunction, and any other information such as statisticalinformation of the operation or failure or set-up of the monitoreddevices, or configuration information such as which components oroptional equipment is included with the monitored devices. The servicemachine 254 may be implemented as the device or computer which requeststhe monitored devices to transmit data, or which requests that remotecontrol and/or diagnostic tests be performed on the monitored devices.The service machine 254 may be implemented as any type of device, and ispreferably implemented using a computerized device such as a generalpurpose computer.

Another sub-system of FIG. 5 includes a firewall 50-2, an intranet260-2, and a printer 262 connected thereto. In this sub-system, thefunctions of sending and receiving electronic messages by the printer262 (and similarly by a copier 286) are performed by (1) circuitry, (2)a microprocessor, or (3) any other type of hardware contained within ormounted to the printer 262 (i.e., without using a separate generalpurpose computer).

An alternate type of sub-system includes the use of an Internet ServiceProvider 264 which may be any type of Internet Service Provider (ISP),including known commercial companies such as America Online, Earthlink,and Niftyserve. In this sub-system, a computer 266 is connected to theISP 264 through a digital or analog modem (e.g., a telephone line modem,a cable modem, modems which use any type of wires such as modems usedover an Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) line or an AsymmetricDigital Subscriber Line (ADSL), modems which use frame relaycommunication, wireless modems such as a radio frequency modem, a fiberoptic modem, or a device which uses infrared light waves). Further, abusiness office device 268 is connected to the computer 266. As analternative to the business office device 268 (or any other deviceillustrated in FIG. 5), a different type of machine may be monitored orcontrolled such as a digital copier, any type of appliance, securitysystem, or utility meter, such as an electrical, water, or gas utilitymeter, or any other device discussed herein.

Also illustrated in FIG. 5 is a firewall 50-3 connected to a network274. The network 274 may be implemented as any type of computer network,(e.g., an ethernet or token ring network). Networking software which maybe used to control the network includes any desired networking softwareincluding software commercially available from Novell or Microsoft. Thenetwork 274 may be implemented as an intranet, if desired. A computer272 connected to the network 274 may be used to obtain information froma business office device 278 and generate reports such as reportsshowing problems that occurred in various machines connected to thenetwork, and a monthly usage report of the devices connected to thenetwork 274. In this embodiment, a computer 276 is connected between thebusiness office device 278 and the network 274. This computer receivescommunications from the network and forwards the appropriate commands ordata, or any other information, to the business office device 278.

Communication between the business office device 278 and the computer276 may be accomplished using wire-based or wireless methods including,but not limited to, radio frequency connections, electrical connectionsand light connections (e.g., an infrared connection, or a fiber opticsconnection). Similarly, each of the various networks and intranetsillustrated in FIG. 5 may be established using any desired mannerincluding through the establishment of wireless networks such as radiofrequency networks. The wireless communication described herein may beestablished using spread spectrum techniques including techniques whichuse a spreading code and frequency hopping techniques such as thefrequency hopping wireless technique which is disclosed in the BluetoothSpecification LOA (available at the World Wide Web sitewww.bluetooth.com), which is incorporated herein by reference.

Another sub-system illustrated in FIG. 5 includes a firewall 50-4, anintranet 260-4, a computer 282 connected thereto, a business officeappliance 285 and a copier 286. The computer 282 may be used to generatereports and request diagnostic or control procedures. These diagnosticand control procedures may be performed with respect to the businessoffice appliance 285 and the copier 286 or any of the other devicesillustrated in or used with FIG. 5. While FIG. 5 illustrates a pluralityof firewalls, the firewalls are preferable, but optional equipment, andtherefore, the invention may be operated without the use of firewalls,if desired. For the monitoring and controlling of the networkedequipment, any computers (266, 272 or 282) can be used instead of 254.

FIG. 6A illustrates a device/appliance 300 connected to a typical e-mailexchange system which includes components 302, 304, 306, 308, 310, 312,314, 316, and 318, which may be implemented in a conventional manner,and are adapted from FIG. 28.1 of Stevens, above. A computer interface302 interfaces with any of the application units or devices/appliances300 described herein. While FIG. 6A illustrates that thedevice/appliance 300 is the sender, the sending and receiving functionsmay be reversed in FIG. 6A. Furthermore, if desired, the user may not beneeded to interface with the device/appliance 300 at all. The computerinterface 302 then interacts with a mail agent 304. Popular mail agentsfor Unix include MH, Berkeley Mail, Elm, and Mush. Mail agents for theWindows family of operating systems include Microsoft Outlook andMicrosoft Outlook Express. At the request of the computer interface 302,the mail agent 304 creates e-mail messages to be sent and, if desired,places these messages to be sent in a queue 306. The mail to be sent isforwarded to a Message Transfer Agent (MTA) 308. A common MTA for Unixsystems is Sendmail. Typically, the message transfer agents 308 and 312exchange communications using a TCP/IP connection 310. Notably, thecommunication between the message transfer agents 308 and 312 may occurover any size network (e.g., WAN or LAN). Further, the message transferagents 308 and 312 may use any communication protocol. In one embodimentthe present invention, elements 302 and 304 of FIG. 6A reside in thelibrary to monitor the usage of the application unit.

From the message transfer agent 312, e-mail messages are stored in usermailboxes 314 which are transferred to the mail agent 316 and ultimatelytransmitted to the user at a terminal 318 which functions as a receivingterminal.

This “store-and-forward” process relieves the sending mail agent 304from having to wait until a direct connection is established with themail recipient. Because of network delays, the communication couldrequire a substantial amount of time during which the application wouldbe unresponsive. Such an unresponsiveness is generally unacceptable tousers of the application unit. By using e-mail as the store-and-forwardprocess, retransmission attempts after failures occur automatically fora fixed period of time (e.g., three days). In an alternate embodiment,the application can avoid waiting by passing communicating requests toone or more separate threads. Those threads can then controlcommunication with the receiving terminal 318 while the applicationbegins responding to the user interface again. In yet another embodimentin which a user wishes to have communication completed beforecontinuing, direct communication with the receiving terminal is used.Such direct communication can utilize any protocol not blocked by afirewall between the sending and receiving terminals. Examples of suchprotocols include Telnet, File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and Hyper TextTransfer Protocol (HTTP).

Public WANs, such as the Internet, are generally not considered to besecure. Therefore, if it is desired to keep messages confidential,messages transmitted over the public WANs (and multi-company privateWANs) can be encrypted. Encryption mechanisms are known and commerciallyavailable which may be used with the present invention. For example, aC++ library function, crypt( ), is available from Sun Microsystems foruse with the Unix operating system. Encryption and decryption softwarepackages are known and commercially available and may also be used withthis invention. One such package is PGP Virtual Private Network (VPN)available from McAfee.

As an alternative to the general structure of FIG. 6A, a single computermay be used which functions as the computer interface 302, the mailagent 304, the mail queue 306 and the message transfer agent 308. Asillustrated in FIG. 6B, the device/appliance 300 is connected to acomputer 301 which includes the message transfer agent 308.

A further alternative structure is shown in FIG. 6C in which the messagetransfer agent 308 is formed as part of the device/appliance 300.Further, the message transfer agent 308 is connected to the messagetransfer agent 312 by a TCP/IP connection 310. In the embodiment of FIG.6C, the device/appliance 300 is directly connected to the TCP/IPconnection 310 with an e-mail capability. One use of the embodiment ofFIG. 6C includes using a facsimile machine with an e-mail capability(e.g., as defined in RFC 2305 (a simple mode of facsimile using Internetmail)) as the device/appliance 300.

FIG. 6D illustrates a system in which a device/appliance 300 does not byitself have the capability to directly receive e-mail, but has aconnection 310 to a mail server/POP3 server including a message transferagent 308 and a mail box 314 so that the device/appliance 300 uses thePOP3 protocol to retrieve received mail from the mail server.

FIG. 7 illustrates an alternative implementation of transferring mailand is adapted from FIG. 28.3 of Stevens referenced previously. FIG. 7illustrates an electronic mail system having a relay system at each end.The arrangement of FIG. 7 allows one system at an organization to act asa mail hub. In FIG. 7, there are four MTAs connected between the twomail agents 304 and 316. These MTAs include local MTA 322A, relay MTA328A, relay MTA 328B, and local MTA 322D. The most common protocol usedfor mail messages is SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) which may beused with this invention, although any desired mail protocol may beutilized. In FIG. 7, 320 designates a sending host which includes thecomputer interface 302, the mail agent 304, and the local MTA 322A. Thedevice/appliance 300 is connected to, or alternatively included within,the sending host 320. As another case, the device/appliance 300 and host320 can be in one machine where the host capability is built into thedevice/appliance 300. Other local MTAs 322B, 322C, 322E and 322E mayalso be included. Mail to be transmitted and received may be queued in aqueue of mail 306B of the relay MTA 328A. The messages are transferredacross the TCP/IP connection 310 (e.g., an Internet connection or aconnection across any other type of network).

The transmitted messages are received by the relay MTA 328B and ifdesired, stored in a queue of mail 306C. The mail is then forwarded tothe local MTA 322D of a receiving host 342. The mail may be placed inone or more of the user mailboxes 314 and subsequently forwarded to themail agent 316, and finally forwarded to the user at a terminal 318. Ifdesired, the mail may be directly forwarded to the terminal without userinteraction.

The various computers used in the present invention, including thecomputers 266 and 276 of FIG. 5, may be implemented as illustrated inFIG. 8. Further, any other computer used in this invention may beimplemented in a similar manner to the computer illustrated in FIG. 8,if desired, including the service machine 254, computer 272, andcomputer 282 of FIG. 5. However, not every element illustrated in FIG. 8is required in each of those computers.

In FIG. 8, the computer 360 includes a CPU 362 which may be implementedas any type of processor including commercially availablemicroprocessors from companies such as Intel, AMD, Motorola, Hitachi andNEC. There is a working memory such as a RAM 364, and a wirelessinterface 366 that communicates with a wireless device 368. Thecommunication between the interface 366 and device 368 may use anywireless medium (e.g., radio waves or light waves). The radio waves maybe implemented using a spread spectrum technique such as Code DivisionMultiple Access (CDMA) communication or using a frequency hoppingtechnique such as that disclosed in the Bluetooth specification.

Computer 360 includes a ROM 370 and a flash memory 371, although anyother type of non-volatile memory (e.g., Erasable Programmable ROM, oran EEPROM) may be used in addition to or in place of the flash memory371. An input controller 372 has connected thereto a keyboard 374 and amouse 376. There is a serial interface 378 connected to a serial device380. Additionally, a parallel interface 382 is connected to a paralleldevice 384, a universal serial bus (USB) interface 386 is connected to auniversal serial bus device 388, and also there is an IEEE 1394 device400, commonly referred to as a fire wire device, connected to an IEEE1394 interface 398. A system bus 390 connects the various elements ofthe computer 360. A disk controller 396 is connected to a floppy diskdrive 394 and a hard disk drive 392. A communication controller 406allows the computer 360 to communicate with other computers (e.g., bysending e-mail messages) over a telephone line 402 or a network 404. AnI/O (Input/Output) controller 408 is connected to a printer 410 and ahard disk 412, for example using a SCSI (Small Computer SystemInterface) bus. There is also a display controller 416 connected to aCRT (Cathode Ray Tube) 414, although any other type of display may beused including a liquid crystal display, a light emitting diode display,a plasma display, etc.

Referring now to FIG. 9A, there is shown a schematic representation ofthe overall system 900 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of thepresent invention. System 900 is shown to include a plurality ofdevices, for example, a laser printer 908, a scanner 910, a networkdevice 912, and a multi-function printer 914, all connected to a network100. These plurality of devices are generally referred to herein as“monitored devices”. The system 900 also includes aworkstation/monitoring system 902 (hereinafter referred to as acontroller 902), the details of which are illustrated in FIG. 10,connected to the network 100 for monitoring and controlling themonitored devices 908, 910, 912 and 914. Eaeh of the monitored devices908, 910, 912, and 914 are given a unique address locator. For example,an IP address assigned to a device serves as a unique address locatorfor the device. Thus, a user at controller 902 is able to access arespective device among the monitored devices 908-914 by accessing theunique IP address assigned to the respective monitored device. It willbe appreciated that the present invention is not limited to using IPaddresses to uniquely identify devices connected to a network.

The controller 902, upon accessing a device among the monitored devices908-914, displays a web page assigned to the device. The web pageincludes detailed information about the operational status of the deviceincluding troubleshooting information. For example, controller 902accesses and displays the web page assigned to the laser printer 908.The web page includes the operational status/details of the laserprinter 908 including such details as toner level, indication of paperjam, quantity of print paper in printer trays, etc. Likewise,operational history of the laser printer may also be displayed on theweb page. Preferably, unique operational details of the laser printer908 may be displayed in unique fields on its web page. Likewise,operational status/details of each of the monitored devices 908-914 aredisplayed on their respective web pages.

It will be appreciated that the controller 902 may be either physicallyconnected or wirelessly coupled to the network 100. For example, apersonal digital assistant (PDA) 920 or a laptop computer 922, shown tobe wirelessly coupled to the network 100, may also be used as acontroller 902. An access point 924 acts as an interface to enablewireless communications between the network 100 and PDA 902 or laptopcomputer 922. Henceforth, the present invention will be described withthe assumption that the controller 902 will be controlling andmonitoring the status of the monitored devices connected to the network.

The network 100 facilitates communication between the controller 902 andthe monitored devices 908-914 to enable monitoring and control of suchmonitored devices. The number of devices that are connected to thenetwork is not limiting of the present invention. It will be appreciatedthat the network 100 may be a local area network (LAN) or a wide areanetwork (WAN). Likewise, the monitored devices 908, 910, 912, and 914are shown to be merely exemplary.

The controller 902 is communicatively coupled to a storage device 904and a database 906. The storage device 904 includes a hard disk, opticaldisk, and/or an external disk drive. The database 906 is communicativelylinked to the storage device 904, and includes a Relational DatabaseManagement System (RDBMS) for easy search and retrieval of data storedin the storage device 904. The storage device 904 preferably storesdetailed information about each of the monitored devices 908-914. Forexample, detailed information, such as the make, model, and variousfunctions and trouble-shooting details of the laser printer 908,supplied by its manufacturer, are stored in the storage device 904.Also, deviation values about the operational status of the laser printercompared to predetermined reference values may also be stored in thestorage device 904. Although the database 906 and the storage device 904are described to be communicatively coupled to the controller 902, itwill be appreciated that the controller 902 may be built with thestorage device and the database installed therein. In such a case, thestorage device 906 and the database 904 would be depicted as beinginternal to the controller 902.

The controller 902 is installed with software, the details of which areillustrated in FIG. 10, in order to facilitate monitoring and control ofthe plurality, of devices 908-914. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)is used by the controller 902 for monitoring the plurality of devices908-914 and the data received from the plurality of devices 908-914 ispresented in the form of HTML or XML formats, or any other web browserlanguages.

Although FIG. 9A illustrates only the imaging devices, the network forcommunicating information between the monitoring device and theplurality of monitored devices may include the home network where theappliances and meters are connected to the network. It will beappreciated that data collected by the controller/workstation 902 can besent through e-mail, FTP, or any other communication protocol means to aremote device for further processing. FIG. 9B illustrates an exemplaryweb page interface for a monitored device in accordance with anexemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 illustrates a system 1000 used in the monitoring of the data andtheir interface functions in accordance with an exemplary embodiment ofthe present invention. The system 1000 includes a module MonitorService1004 which is a computer resident program such as Service in NT orWindow 2000 and Daemon in the Unix. Also included in system 1000 are aTimer module 1002 and Monitor module 1006. Modules 1002 and 1006 arelibrary functions to be called by the MonitorService 1004. For example,MonitorService 1004 initializes the Timer module 1002 by callingInitTimer 1003 function and obtains delay and action parameters bycalling obtainDelayAndAction (int &, int&) function. The init( )function is also called by the MonitorService 1004 to initialize variousmodules in the Monitor module 1006 as illustrated in FIG. 13. The init() function is initially called to obtain the IP address assigned to amonitored device.

Once the IP address of a monitored device is obtained, such IP addressis used by the monitoring system to contact the monitored device toobtain such information as, for example, manufacturer and modelinformation. The functions executed by the system 1000 as described asbelow:

void initTimer(void)

This function initializes the Timer. In particular, this functiontriggers the Timer object to get the timing information from theregistry.

void obtainDelayAndAction(int & out_nDelay, int & out_nAction)

This function returns the delay time in second for::Sleep function (needto multiply 1000) and the action indicator.

int init(void)

This function initializes the Monitor. In addition, it would create thedevices to be monitored. The return int is the error code in which zerois defined as no error.

int monitorStatus(int in_nAction)

This function monitors the preset information. The return int is theerror code in which zero is defined as no error.

int end(void)

This function cleans up the Monitor before closing the objects. Thereturn int is the error code in which zero is defined as no error.

FIG. 11 shows the structural details within the Monitor module 1006 andthe calling functions between the sub-modules of the Monitor module1006. The Monitor module 1006 includes a Monitor manager 1102 thatmanages other sub-Modules, such as DeviceODBC 1104, DeviceFactory 1106,VendorModel 1108, HTTP_HTML 1112, SupportInfoODBC 1114, Device 1110, tocomplete the tasks defined by interface functions as illustrated in FIG.10. Specifically, the DeviceODBC sub-module 1104 and SupportInfoODBCsub-module 1114 are accessed to obtain device specific information froma monitored device. The SupportInfoODBC sub-module 1114 is preferablyattached to the protocol HTTP_HTML sub-module 1112 as the informationobtained by the SupportInfoODBC sub-module 1114 is preferred to belocalized to the HTTP_HTML sub-module 1112. The calling functionsexecuted between the sub-modules are defined as below:

Major Interfaces

This section discusses only the major interface between the packages.The following is not the complete listing of the interfaces among thepackages. For example, some packages may need to have init functions.

void updateConfig(std::map<infoType, std::string>&)

Before this function is called, the calling function should not replacethe manufacturer and model entries if get functions return null stringfrom VendorModel package. This function updates the device informationdatabase of the current record in the DeviceODBC. This function is mostefficient when the getconfig below is called initially. First, thisfunction checks if IP address is same at the DeviceODBC. If IP addressfields are not the same, the record with correct IP address is obtainedfrom the database. Then, the other fields are copied and the record isupdated.

bool getConfig(std::map<infoType, std::string>&)

This function obtains the map from ODBC for the device information inthe given format. The function returns true if there is data returned,false if there is no more data.

bool saveStatus(std::map<infoType, std::string>&)

This function saves the status information into the ODBC. The functionreturns true when saving is successful, false otherwise.

void setIPAddress(std::string &)

This function sets the IP address of the device to be contacted. Thisfunction is common for VendorModel and HTTP_HTML packages.

bool getVendor(std::string &)

This function gets the manufacturer at the IP address. If themanufacturer is obtained, the function returns true. If the error isdetected in the process, the function returns false with null strings.The function is common for VendorModel and HTTP_HTML packages.

bool getModel(std::string &)

This function gets the model of the device. If the model is obtained,the function returns true. If the error is detected in the process, thefunction returns false with null string. The function is common forVendorModel and HTTP_HTML packages.

bool getUniqueID(std::string & out_sID)

This function returns the unique ID of the device. If the Unique ID isobtained, the function returns true. If the error is detected in theprocess, the function returns false with null string. The function iscommon for VendorModel and HTTP_HTML packages.

bool getVendorModelID(int & out_nID)

This function returns the VendorModel ID of the device. If the ID isobtained, the function returns true. If the error is detected in theprocess, the function returns false. This function is common forVendorModel and HTTP_HTML packages.

CDevice * createDevice(std::string & in_sIP, CHTTP_HTML & in_HTTP_HTML,int & in_nVendorModelID, std::string & in_sUniqueID)

This function creates the device of the specification in the DeviceFactory. The function returns the pointer to the created device if thecreation is successful, 0 otherwise.

bool getStatus(std::map<infoType, std::string>&)

This function obtains status information from a device. The functionreturns true when the status is returned, false when status could not beobtained. This function is common for Device and HTTP_HTML packages.

void setIPAddressAndID(std::string & in_sIP, int in_nID)

This function sets the IP address and Vendor Model ID.

bool getVendorInfo(std::string & out_sVendor, std::string &out_sWebPage, CKeyValueInfo & out_KeyValueInfo)

This function outputs the string of Vendor name, the web page to obtainthe model information from the vendor, CKeyValueInfo structure formodel. The function returns true if the data is obtained, false withnull strings and null data if no more data is available. When false isreturned, the data pointer is reset to the top of the data.

bool getVendorModelInfo(std::string & out_sVendor, std::string &out_sModel, int & out_nID, std::string & out_sWebPage, CKeyValueInfo &out_KeyValueInfo )

This function outputs the strings of vendor name, model name, the vendormodel ID, the web page to obtain the unique ID, and CKeyValueInfostructure for Unique ID. The function returns true if the data isobtained, false with null strings and null data if no more data isavailable. When false is returned, the data pointer is reset to the topof the data.

void setVendorModelID(int in_nID)

This function sets the VendorModelID value to be used by SupportInfoODBCto get the web page information.

bool getWebPageInfo(std::string & out_sWebPage, CKeyValueInfo &out_KeyValueInfo)

This function outputs the web page and CKeyValueInfo structure for theVendor Model ID set by the previous function. The function returns trueif the information is returned, false with null information if no moredata is available. If false is returned, the data pointer is reset tothe top of the current Vendor Model ID set. The returned information isstored in the map structure of HTTP_HTML package.

FIG. 12 shows the data structure used by HTTP_HTML sub-module 1112 andSupportInfoODBC sub-module 1114 as illustrated in FIG. 11 to exchangeinformation for retrieval of values associated with key values receivedby the HTTP_HTML sub-module 1112. Typically, a multitude of vendors usevendor specific identifier and nomenclature to identify key information,displayed on their respective web pages, related to a monitored device.For example, to determine the number of pages printed by a printerdevice, Hewlett Packard uses “Page Count” feature while Xerox identifiesthe same using a “Total Sheet Delivered” feature. A feature of thepresent invention is to overcome the vendor-to-vendor variances andthereby providing a standardized and uniform method of identifyingdevice specific information and extracting the value corresponding tothe information by using a data structure/CKeyValueInfo structure 1200as illustrated in FIG. 12.

The CKeyValueInfo is typically a data structure created to identifyvalue information from information that is received from a monitoreddevice in the form of a data string or a key string. The CKeyValueInfoincludes a plurality of fields, each field represented by informationillustrated in FIG. 12. The CKeyValueInfo structure 1200 includes ansKey field 1204 that represents a string key, an nPosition field 1206which is preferably a tag based value in HTML format indicating as tothe number of positions in the string where a value information could belocated. For example, the Page Count of a printer device, subject tomonitoring, may be found at a second position following a key word.sType 1208 represents the type of information one can retrieve from adisplayed web page of a monitored device.

When the value, such as, for example, model name of the monitoreddevice, is found within the same data line of the key (Product Name),the nPosition field is “0”. sDelimiter 1210 indicates a specificdelimiter used to extract the value associated with the key. TheCKeyValueInfo indicates how to extract the value information frominformation received from a monitored device in an HTML format.

FIG. 13 shows the sequence of the init function to describe the callingsequence of Monitor module 1006 as illustrated in FIG. 10.MonitorManager 1102 obtains information about a monitored device anduses IP address assigned to the monitored device to communicate with themonitored device. MonitorManager 1102 accesses DeviceODBC 1104 to obtainconfiguration information about the monitored device. The configurationinformation returned to the MonitorManager 1102 includes, for example,an IP address of the monitored device, vendor/manufacturer and modelinformation of the monitored device. Once IP address is obtained, theMonitorManager 1102 sets the IP address to obtain device specificinformation from the monitored device. The HTTP_HTML 1112 is used toobtain to obtain Vendor, Model, Unique ID, and VendorModel ID from themonitored device.

Once the vendor, model information and unique ID are obtained, theMonitorManager 1102 updates a database with information received fromthe monitored device. Further, the MonitorManager 1102 creates asoftware device object through the DeviceFactory 1106. Each device modelfrom a vendor/manufacturer may be assigned a unique identifier, and itis preferred to represent the model from the vendor using the identifierfor enhanced efficiencies, as an identifier typically requires no morethan 4 bytes.

The methodology of extracting value information such as vendor, modeland unique ID from the monitored device is obtained from SupportInfoODBC 1114 in the form illustrated in FIG. 12. In addition, a specificwebpage needs to be accessed is governed by the information residing inthe SupportODBC 1114. Once 1P address, Vendor Model ID and unique ID areobtained, a software object of the monitored device is created using aDeviceFactory module 1106. Once the software object is created,information in the DeviceODBC is updated so that the vendor, model, andunique ID are set to DeviceODBC database that stores status informationof each monitored device. The updates are performed by updateConfigfunction 1109 by the MonitorManager 1102.

FIG. 14 illustrates an exemplary map data structure 1400 used byHTTP_HTML Package1112 to retrieve status information of devices that areperiodically monitored. The map structure or data structure 1400 is apart of the standard template of C++. However, other languages can havethe similar data structure where key and value information is placedinto a table-like structure. The first level 1402 of the map structure1400 includes a Key that is associated with another map structure 1404where the key from the first level 1402 is associated with a value. Thesecond level map 1404 includes the Web page identified at field 1406 asthe key and a vector of CKeyValueInfo as the value identified at field1408.

The data structure used by the MonitorManager 1102 is identified asbelow. This data structure reflects the information regarding onemonitored device. The data structure contains the e-mail address of thecontact person in addition to the telephone number. The following tableshows the DeviceInfo structure.

TABLE 1 Type Name Description std::string m_sManufacturer A stringrepresenting the manufacturer of the network printer. std::stringm_sModel A string representing the model of the network printer.std::string m_sUniqueID A string representing the Unique ID of thenetwork printer. This ID may be a serial number or MAC Address or anyunique ID obtainable from the network printer. std::string m_sIPAddressA string representing the IP address of the network printer. std::stringm_sCompanyName A string representing the name of the company which ownsthe network printer. std::string m_sStreet A string representing thestreet address of the company. std::string m_sCity A string representingthe city where the company is located. std::string m_sState A stringrepresenting the state where the company is located. std::stringm_sZipCode A string representing the zip code of the company.std::string m_sLocation A string representing the location of of thenetwork printer within the company. std::string m_sContactPerson Astring representing the name of the contact person responsible for thenetwork printer. std::string m_sPhoneNumber A string representing thephone number of the contact person. std::string m_sEMailAddress A stringrepresenting the e-mail address of the contact person.

FIG. 15 shows a vector 1500 of the reference to the devices created byDeviceFactory 1106 and used by the MonitorManager 1102 as illustrated inFIG. 13 of the present invention. MonitorManager 1102 stores devicepointers 1502, 1504 created by DeviceFactory 1106 in the vector so thatit can iterate over to obtain the status of a monitored device. Pollingof monitored devices is performed over the device object by issuing agetStatus command. Once the status of each of the software objects isobtained, such status is updated through the DeviceODBC 1104.

FIG. 16 shows the sequence of the monitorStatus function as illustratedin FIG. 10. MonitorManager 1102 obtains the status of the softwaredevice object connected with the physical device through HTTP_HTML 1112and stores the received status in a database through the DeviceODBC 1104by the MonitorManager 1102. This process is repeated over all themonitored devices stored in the vector shown in FIG. 15.

FIGS. 17A-17B illustrate a table structure to support informationcollection through the HTTP_HTML module 1112 (FIG. 11). The tablesillustrated in FIGS. 17A-B are preferably stored in a database whichcommunicates with the monitoring system 902 (FIG. 9) throughSupportInfoODBC 1114. Specifically, FIG. 17A shows four tables alongwith respective database fields. KeyValue table 1704 includes suchinformation as, for example, the web page ID, key string informationused to extract the parameter value of interest, value position in theHTML structure, value type, delimiters if the value is located in thesame data as the key string, nInLinePosition of the value when the valueis located in the same data as the key string, and the standardenumerator for the key string.

VendorModelWebPage table 1706 associates the web page ID to actual webpage string. KeyEnumTable 1708 includes the standard enumerations andtheir description. VendorModelInformation table 1710 includes vendorrelated information for a monitored device, and VendorModelUniqueIDtable 1712 includes information that is used to obtain the unique IDfrom the device.

FIG. 17C shows exemplary data stored within the three tables illustratedin FIGS. 17A-B. IP Address table 1702 is an example of a particularnetwork environment associating the devices with IP addresses. In thisexample, the first four digits of the web ID is taken from the firstfour digits of the vendor model ID. In the KeyValue table 1704, Model(101) identified at 1710 and 1712 has two different key strings,“Machine Model” and “Product Name”. In addition, the Machine Model andProduct Name are located at the different value positions. Machine Modelis obtained from the next tagged data in the HTML while Product Name isobtained from the same line. Product Name is separated from the actualmodel name with a delimiter ‘:’. Exemplary enum types used by thepresent invention include the following. The enum types are merelyexemplary and therefore should not be construed as limiting the presentinvention.

infoType (typedef int infoType)

This section describes the definition of the infoType (int). The valuerange 0 through 99 is assigned to the data type. The value range 100 to499 is assigned to Device Information. The value range 500 to 1999 isassigned to the common parameters including standard MIB parameters. Therange 2000 to 3999 is assigned to Ricoh specific information. The range4000 to 4999 is assigned to Xerox. The range 5000 to 5999 is assigned toLexmark. The range 6000 to 6999 is assigned to HP. The values aredefined as follows:

infoType {eNotDefine=0, eDeviceInformation=1, eStatusInformation=2,eManufacturer=100, eModel, eUniqueID, eIPAddress, eCompanyName, eStreet,eCity, eState, eZipCode, eLocation, eContactPerson, ePhoneNumber,eEMailAddress, eDateTime=500, eHrDeviceErrors, eLowPaper, eNoPaper,eLowToner, eNoToner, eDoorOpen, eJammed, eOffline, eServiceRequested,ePrtGeneralConfigChanges=600, ePrtLifeCount, ePrtAlertDesc1,ePrtAlertDesc2, ePrtAlertDesc3, ePrtAlertDesc4, ePrtAlertDesc5,eBlack=700, eMagenta, eCyan, eYellow, eTonerCollector=800,eBlackDeveloper=810, eColorDeveloper, eFuser=820, eDrum=830,eTransfer=840, eMaintenanceKit=850, eOilKit=860, eStationInfo1=901,eStationInfo2, eStationInfo3, eStationInfo4, eStationInfo5};

ErrorCode

This section describes the error codes defined at this writing. As theproject progresses, more error codes can be added. The range 0-99 isreserved. The range 100-199 is for SMTP, 200-299 is for POP3, 300-399 isfor Socket, and 400-499 is for HTTP. The other range shall be defined ifneeded.

enum EerrorCode(eNoError=0, eUnknownError=1, eSendHeloCommandFailed=100,eSendMailCommandFailed, eSendRcptCommandFailed, eSendDataCommandFailed,eSendDataFailed, eSendQuitCommandFailed, eSendUserCommandFailed=200,eSendPassCommandFailed, eSendStatCommandFailed, eSendRetrCommandFailed,eSendDeleCommandFailed, eSendQuitPop3CommandFailed,eCreateSocketFailed=300, eConnectSocketFailed, eBadRequest=400,eUnauthorized, ePaymentRequired, eForbidden, eNotFound,eMethodNotAllowed, eNotAcceptable, eProxyAuthenticationRequired,eRequestTimeOut, eConflict, eGone, eLengthRequired, ePreconditionFailed,eRequestEntityTooLarge, eRequestURiTooLarge, eUnsupportedMediaType,eRequestedRangeNotSatisfiable, eExpectationFailed,eInternalServerError=450, eNotImplemented, eBadGateway,eServiceUnavailable, eGatewayTimeOut, eHTTPVersionNotSupported,eMultipleChoices=480, eMovedPermanently, eFound, eSeeOther,eNotModified, eUseProxy, eTemporaryRedirect);

FIG. 18 shows the extension of the current system where multipleprotocols are used to collect information from a plurality of monitoreddevices. An example of such extension is to use both SNMP 1804 and HTTP1806 protocols to collect the status information of the monitoreddevices. Multiple protocols allow the monitoring station to collectwider range of the data. In addition, multiple protocols allow moredevices to be monitored. For example, some devices may support only oneprotocol. A protocol manager 1802 performs a selection process to selecta protocol, among a given plurality of protocols, that is betterconfigured to retrieve information from the monitored device. Forexample, to retrieve paper jam status, it was determined that an SNMPprotocol would be better suited over HTTP protocol for some vendor'sdevices. For known devices, such preferences are predetermined andstored in a database, such as SupportInfoODBC 1114. The protocol manager1802 consults the SupportInfoODBC 1114 to identify the predeterminedpreferences and appropriately selects the protocol to communicate with amonitored device.

In another embodiment, more than one protocol is used to retrieveinformation from a monitored device. For example, an HTTP_HTML protocolis first selected to access a monitored device, and device informationthat is configured to be efficiently retrieved using the HTTP_HTMLprotocol is obtained. Subsequently, an SNMP protocol is selected toobtain information that was incapable of efficient retrieval using theHTTP_HTML protocol. The selection of protocols is performed by theprotocol manager in conjunction with support information stored in theSupportInfoODBC 1114.

FIG. 19 shows a schematic for e-mailing information about the monitoreddevices to a desired party. After obtaining the necessary information,the workstation 902 uses the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) Server1902 to send out the necessary information to the central monitoringworkstation 1910 through the Mail Server 1908 that supports the PostOffice Protocol Version 3 (POP3) (IETF Networking Group Request ForComments [RFC]: 1939). The workstation 902 uses SMTP (SMTP is defined inIETF RFC 821) and possibly Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME)to send e-mails. The workstation 902 generates the mail message that isat and above the Application Layer of the TCP/IP model or the ISOseven-layer model. Alternatively, the workstation 902 may include anSMTP processor to send out the necessary information using e-mail. Whene-mail is sent out from the SMTP Server 1902, the e-mail goes throughthe firewall 1906.

When the e-mails that contain the monitoring information of devicesarrive at the firewall 1904 of the network receiving the information,the mail is routed to the Mail Server 1908 with POP3. The centralmonitoring workstation 1910 periodically accesses the Mail Server 1908to obtain the arrived e-mail, parse the mail and its contents via POP3and stores the necessary information in the database 1912. The database1912 includes additional information related to the characteristics andhistory of a monitored device. The central monitoring workstation 1910is capable of performing the analysis of obtained data in order to takethe necessary actions. Alternatively, the central monitoring workstation1910 may contain a mail receiving capability, and the firewall 1904 mayroute the e-mail directly to the central monitoring workstation 1910.

FIG. 20 shows the class diagram for the HTTP_HTML (1112) package asshown in FIG. 11. The HTTP_HTML (1112) package is responsible fordetermining the vendor, the model, the unique ID, and the vendor modelID of a device, such as, for example, the network printer 908 (FIG. 9)that is being monitored using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).Once this information is obtained for the network printer, package 1112is used to obtain the status information from the network printer usingHTTP. The CHTTP_HTML (2000) class is the interface for package 1112 toobtain information about the network printer by accessing a web serverof the network printer using HTTP. CHTTP_HTML (2000) manages the otherclasses in the package 1112 to perform this task. The CHTTP (2004) classimplements the HTTP protocol. CHTTP (2004) creates an HTTP session withthe network printer to obtain information from the web pages of its webserver. CHTTP (2002) uses the classes CInternetSession (2008),CHttpConnection (2010), and CHttpFile (2012) of the Microsoft FoundationClass library (MFC) to implement the HTTP protocol. The CHTMLProcessor(2002) class processes the HTML files obtained from the network printersand obtains the desired information from the HTML files. The CHTTP_HTML(2000) class uses the SupportInfoODBC (1114) package to obtaininformation about the vendors and models of network printers supportedby the monitoring system. Although the description in this specificationrefers to network printers, the system is applicable to any networkdevice such as, for example, copiers, scanners, and fax machines.

The CHTTP_HTML (2000) class determines if a network printer is supportedby the system. If the network printer is supported, then CHTTP_HTML(2000) creates an HTTP session with the network printer to obtaininformation from the network printer's web pages. The public and privatefunctions of CHTTP_HTML (2000) are shown in Table 1. The attributes ofCHTTP_HTML (2000) that are used by these functions are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 1 Public and Private Functions of CHTTP_HTML Function NameDescription Public CHTTP_HTML( ) Constructor ~CHTTP_HTML( ) Destructorbool setIPAddress(std::string& in_sIP) Sets the IP address of the deviceto be contacted via HTTP. Creates an HTTP session with the device todetermine the vendor, model, vendor model ID and unique ID. boolsetIPAddressAndID(std::string& in_sIP, int Sets the IP address andvendor model ID of the device in_nID) for which the status informationwill be obtained. bool getVendor(std::string& out_sVendor) Returns thevendor of the device bool getModel(std::string& out_sModel) Returns themodel of the device bool getUniqueID(std::string & out_sUniqueID)Returns the unique identifier of the device bool getVendorModelID(int&out_nID) Returns the vendor model ID of the device boolgetStatus(std::map<infoType, std::string>& Returns the statusinformation of the device. out_StatusInfo) Private voidsetVendorModelInfo Vector( ) Obtains information from the supportdatabase to initialize the vector m_VendorModelInfoVector. voidsetVendorModelIDMap( ) Obtains information from the support database toinitialize the map m_VendorModelIDMap. void obtainVendor( ) Obtains thevendor name for the device void obtainModel( ) Obtains the model namefor the device void obtainVendorModelID( ) Obtains the vendor model IDfor the device void obtainUniqueID( ) Obtains the unique identifier forthe device void converToAllUpper(std::string& Converts the input stringto all upper case inOut_sString)

TABLE 2 Attributes of CHTTP_HTML Type Attribute Name Descriptionstd::vector m_VendorModelInfoVector This attribute member is used todetermine what vendors <CVendorModelInfo> are supported by the system.This attribute member also contains information used to obtain modelinformation of the device. It is initialized insetVendorModelInfoVector( ). std::map<std::string, m_VendorModelIDMapThis attribute member determines what models are map<std::string,supported by the system. This attribute member also CVendorModelID> >contains the vendor model ID of the device and information used toobtain the unique ID for a given model of the device. The key for theouter map is the vendor name. The key for the inner map is the modelname. It is initialized in setVendorModelIDMap( ). std::map<int,m_VendorModelMap This attribute member contains information used tomap<std::string, std::vector obtain the status of the devices that areperiodically <CKeyValueInfo> > > monitored. std::string m_sIPAddressThis attribute member represents the IP address of the device in thecurrent HTTP session. std::string m_sVendor This attribute memberrepresents the vendor of the device in the current HTTP session.std::string m_sModel This attribute member represents the model of thedevice in the current HTTP session. std::string m_sUniqueID Thisattribute member represents the unique identifier of the device in thecurrent HTTP session. Int m_nVendorModelID This attribute memberrepresents the vendor model ID of the device in the current HTTPsession. CKeyValueInfo m_KeyValueInfoForModel This attribute member isused to obtain the model of the device from the HTML file.CVendorModelID m_VendorModelID This attribute member is used to obtainthe vendor model ID and the unique ID of the device from the HTML file.CHTTP m_HTTP This attribute member is used to obtain an HTTP session.with a device. CHTMLProcessor m_HTMLProcessor This attribute memberprocesses the HTML file to obtain the desired information.

The CHTMLProcessor (2002) class parses lines of the HTML file to obtainspecific information about the network printer 908 (FIG. 9). The publicand private functions of CHTMLProcessor (2002) are shown in Table 3. Theattributes of CHTMLProcessor (2002) that are used by these functions areshown in Table 4.

TABLE 3 Public and Private Function of CHTMLProcessor Function NameDescription Public CHTMLProcessor( ) Constructor ~CHTMLProcessor( )Destructor void setDataSearchInfo(std::vector<CKeyValueInfo>& Sets thedata to be obtained from the HTML in_KeyValueVector) file boolsearchDataFromHTML(std::string& in_sLineOfHTML) Searches through theHTML file to obtain the desired status information voidgetDataFromHTML(std::map<infoType, std::string>& Get the statusinformation obtained from the out_Status) device's HTML file Privatebool obtainValueFromCurrentLine(std::string& out_sData, Obtain thestatus information from the current CLocateValueInfo&inOut_LocateValueInfo, line CKeyValueInfo& in_KeyValueInfo, std::string&in_sInputLine) bool obtainValueFromNextLine(std::string& Obtain statusinformation from the lines out_sData CLocateValueInfo&inOut_LocateValueInfo, following the line where the key of the statusCKeyValueInfo& in_KeyValueInfo, std::string& information was foundin_sInputLine) void obtainDataVector(std::vector<std::string>& Obtainthe data elements from a line of the out_DataVector, std::string&in_sInputString) HTML file bool getValueFromString(std::string&out_sValue, Obtain the status information from the input std::string&in_sInputLine, CKeyValueInfo& string in_KeyValueInfo) voidremoveLineBreaksFromLine(std::string& Removes line breaks from the inputstring inOut_sInputLine) void removeLinksFromLine(std::string&inOut_sInputLine) Removes link tags from the input string voidgetLeadingCharacters(std::string& out_sValue, Obtains leading charactersfrom the input std::string& inOut_sInputLine) string voidremoveLeadingEndTags(std::string& inOut_sInputLine) Removes leading endtags from the input string void removeLeadingStartTags(std::string&Removes leading start tags from the input inOut_sInputLine) string voidremoveLeadingWhiteSpaces(std::string& Removes leading white spaces fromthe input inOut_sInputLine) string voidremoveTrailingWhiteSpaces(std::string& Removes trailing white spacesfrom the input inOut_sInputLine) string VoidchangeNBSPToSpace(std::string& inOut_sInputLine) Replaces non-breakingspaces with a space in the input string

TABLE 4 Attributes of CHTMLProcessor Type Attribute Name Descriptionstd::string m_sInputLines This attribute member contains the lines ofthe HTML file. std::string m_sPreviousInputLines This attribute membercontains the lines inputted previously from the HTML file.std::vector<CKeyValueInfo> m_KeyValueVector This attribute membercontains information used to obtain the status information from the HTMLfile. std::vector<CLocateValueInfo> m_LocateValueVector This attributemember contains information used to locate the value of the statusinformation from the HTML file once the key is found. EHTMLStatem_CurrentHTMLState This attribute member represents the HTML state atthe end of the current input line. EHTMLState m_PreviousHTMLState Thisattribute member represents the HTML state at the end of the previousinput line. std::vector<std::string> m_DataVector This attribute membercontains the data values obtained from a line of the HTML file. Boolm_bIsDataVectorObtained This attribute member is a flag to determine ifthe data values were obtained from a line of the HMTL files. Thisfunction is set to false in the constructor and searchDataFromHTML( )and set to true in obtainValueFromNextLine( ). std::map<infoType,std::string> m_StatusInfo This attribute member represents the statusinformation obtained from the device's HTML file.

FIG. 21 shows the sequence diagram for executing the init( ) function ofCHTTP_HTML (2000). init( ) obtains and maintains information about thevendors and models of network printers supported by the system. init( )calls the functions setVendorModelInfoVector( ) and setVendorModelIDMap() of CHTTP_HTML (2000) to obtain and maintain this information.setVendorModelInfoVector( ) obtains and maintains information about thevendors of network printers supported by the system and information usedto obtain the model of the network printers from its web pages.

setVendorModelInfoVector( ) calls getVendorInfo( ) of SupportInfoODBC(1114) to obtain this information from the database.setVendorModelInfoVector( ) stores the information in the vector asshown in FIG. 22. getVendorInfo( ) of SupportInfoODBC (1114) is calledmultiple times to obtain all the vendors supported by the system.setVendorModelIDMap( ) obtains and maintains information about thevendors, models, vendor model IDs, and information used to obtain theunique identifier of the network printers from its web pages.

setVendorModelIDMap( ) calls getVendorModelInfo( ) of SupportInfoODBC(1114) to obtain this information from the database.setVendorModelIDMap( ) stores the information in the map as shown inFIG. 23. getVendorModelInfo( ) of CSupportInfoODBC (2102) is calledmultiple times to obtain all the models supported by the system. Bystoring the information about the vendors and models of the networkprinters supported by the system, the need to periodically open andclose the database to determine if a network printer is supported isprevented. The database is opened and closed once for obtaining all theinformation about the vendors and models supported by the system. Bychecking the information stored in the system's own structure, thesystem can determine if a particular network printer is supported.

FIG. 22 shows the vector, m_VendorModelInfoVector (2200), used by theclass CHTTP_HTML (2000) to store information about vendors of thenetwork printers supported by the system, and information used to obtainthe model of the network printers from its web pages.m_VendorModelInfoVector (2200) includes the struct CVendorModelInfo(2202). The struct CVendorModelInfo (2202) includes a string for thename of the vendor of the network printer, a string for the web page ofthe network printer where the name of the model can be found, and astruct CKeyValueInfo (2204) that contains information used to obtain thename of the model from the web page. The struct CKeyValueInfo (2204) isdescribed in FIG. 12. As the system uses an entry from the vector,m_VendorModelInfoVector (2200), the system will try to access the webpage corresponding to the struct CVendorModelInfo (2202). If the systemis able to access the web page, then the vendor of the network printeris determined to be the vendor name in the struct CVendorModelInfo(2202).

The model name of the network printer is obtained from the web pageusing the information in the struct CKeyValueInfo (2204) of the structCVendorModelInfo (2202). If the model name is obtained from the webpage, it preferably would be checked with the map m_VendorModelIDMapdescribed below at FIG. 23 to determine if the model is supported. Ifthe system cannot access the web page or if the model name cannot beobtained from the web page, the system will go to the next elements inthe vector until the vendor can be determined and the model name can beobtained. If the system goes through the entire vector withoutdetermining the vendor and obtaining the model name, then it isdetermined that the network printer is not supported by the system. Thevector may have multiple entries having the same vendor name. This ispossible since the vendor may have different families of networkprinters in which each family has a different web page where the modelname can be found. Also, the vendor may have different network devices(i.e. scanners, fax machines) in which each network device has adifferent web page where the model name can be found.

FIG. 23 shows a map, m_VendorModelIDMap (2300), used by the classCHTTP_HTML (2000) to store information about the vendor, model, vendormodel ID, and information used to obtain the unique identifier of thenetwork printers from its web pages. The key of m_VendorModelIDMap(2300) is a string that represents the name of the vendor. The value ofm_VendorModelIDMap (2300) is another map (2302) structure. The key ofthe map (2302) is a string that represents the name of the model. Thevalue of the map (2302) is the struct CVendorModelID (2304). The structCVendorModelID (2304) includes an integer for the vendor model ID, astring for the web page of the network printer where the uniqueidentifier can be found, and a struct CKeyValueInfo (2306) that includesinformation used to obtain the unique identifier from the web page.Further details of the struct CKeyValueInfo (2306) are described in FIG.12. The system uses this map after the vendor name and the model namehas been obtained using the information in the vectorm_VendorModelInfoVector as described above. The vendor name will be usedas the key to obtain the map (2302) from m_VendorModelIDMap (2300). Themodel name will be used as the key to obtain the struct CVendorModelID(2304) from the map (2302). The vendor model ID associated with thenetwork printer is obtained from the m_nVendorModelID member of structCVendorModelID (2304). The system accesses the web page of the networkprinter corresponding to the m_sWebPageForUniqueID member of the structCVendorModelID (2304). If the system can successfully access the webpage, then the unique ID of the network printer is obtained from the webpage using the information in the struct CKeyValueInfo (2306) of thestruct CVendorModelInfo (2304). If the system cannot access the web pageor the unique ID cannot be obtained from the web page, a unique ID willbe generated for the network printer using a random number generator. Ifthe model name cannot be found as a key in the map (2302), then it isdetermined that the model is not supported by the system.

The vector m_VendorModelInfoVector (2200) and the map m_VendorModelIDMap(2300) are the internal structures of the system used to represent theinformation in the database. The vector m_VendorModelInfoVector (2200)represents the VendorModelInformation table of the support database andthe map m_VendorModelIDMap (2300) represents the VendorModelAndUniqueIDstable of the support database. By storing the information from thesupport database in these internal structures, the system will be moreefficient since it does not need to access the database periodically toobtain the desired information.

FIG. 24 shows the flowchart for executing the init( ) function ofCHTTP_HTML. In step 2402, the system determines if there is any morevendor information in the support database. If there is moreinformation, then in step 2404, the vendor name, the web page where themodel name is located, and information used to obtain the model namefrom the web page are obtained. This information is stored in the structCVendorModelInfo (2202) in step 2406 and then pushed into the vector(2200), as shown in FIG. 22, in step 2408. Then the system goes back tostep 2402 to see if there is more vendor information in the supportdatabase. If there is no more vendor information in the supportdatabase, then the system executes step 2410 to determine if there isany more vendor model information in the support database. If there ismore vendor model information, then in step 2412, the vendor name, themodel name, the vendor model ID, the web page where the uniqueidentifier is located, and information used to obtain the uniqueidentifier from the web page are obtained. The vendor model ID, the webpage where the unique identifier is located, and information used toobtain the unique identifier from the web page are stored in the structCVendorModelID in step 2414. The model name and the structCVendorModelID are added to the map (2302) as shown in FIG. 23, and thevendor name and the map (2302) are added to the map m_VendorModelIDMap(2300), as shown in FIG. 23, in step 2416. Then the system goes back tostep 2410 to determine if there is more vendor model information in thesupport database. If there is no more vendor information in the supportdatabase, the init( ) function is completed.

FIG. 25 shows the sequence diagram for executing the getStatus( )function of CHTTP_HTML (2000). This function obtains the statusinformation from the web pages of the network printers. The statusinformation obtained depends upon the vendor and model of the networkprinter so that the type of status information obtained from one networkprinter may differ from that of another network printer. CHTTP_HTMLcontains a map (1400) structure as shown in FIG. 14 that containsinformation about what status information to obtain from the networkprinter of a specific vendor and model. The map (1400) containsinformation about how to obtain the status information from the webpages of the network printer. CHTTP_HTML (2000) creates an HTTP sessionwith the network printer by calling createHTTPSession( ) of CHTTP(2004). Once the HTTP session is created, an HTTP GET request is sent tothe network printer to access a web page when CHTTP_HTML (2000) callssendGetRequest( ) of CHTTP (2004). If the GET request is successful,CHTTP_HTML (2000) calls setDataSearchInfo( ) of CHTMLProcessor (2002) toprovide CHTMLProcessor (2002) with information about how to obtain thestatus information from the web page of the network printer. CHTTP_HTML(2000) calls getNextLineOfHTML( ) of CHTTP (2004) to obtain a line fromthe web page of the network printer. CHTTP_HTML (2000) passes this lineof the web page into the function searchDataFromHTML( ) ofCHTMLProcessor (2002).

CHTMLProcessor (2002) will obtain any status information from this lineif it exists. CHTTP_HTML (2000) will continue to call getNextLineOfHTML() of CHTTP (2004) followed by searchDataFromHTML( ) of CHTMLProcessor(2002) until the end of the web page is reached or all the statusinformation is obtained from the web page. CHTTP_HTML (2000) will callgetDataFromHTML( ) of CHTMLProcessor (2002) to get the statusinformation obtained from the web page. Since the status information ofa network printer may exist on multiple web pages, the call sequencefrom sendGetRequest( ) of CHTTP (2004) to getDataFromHTML( ) ofCHTMLProcessor (2002) is repeated for each web page of the networkprinter that contains status information. After all the statusinformation is obtained, CHTTP_HTML (2000) calls closeHTTPSession( ) ofCHTTP (2004) to close the HTTP session with the network printer.

FIG. 26 shows the vectors m_KeyValueVector (2600) andm_LocateValueVector (2604) used by the class CHTMLProcessor to obtaininformation from the web page of a network printer. The vector,m_KeyValueVector (2600), contains the struct CKeyValueInfo (2602). Thestruct CKeyValueInfo (2602) contains information used to locate andobtain information from the web page of the network printer. The structCKeyValueInfo (2602) is described in greater detail in FIG. 12. The sKeymember of struct CKeyValueInfo (2602) is used to locate the key for theinformation on the web page. The nPosition, sDelimiter, andnInLinePosition members of struct CKeyValueInfo (2602) are used tolocate and obtain the value of the information on the web page.nPosition, sDelimiter, and nInLinePosition give the location of thevalue of the information with respect to sKey on the web page. Thevector, m_LocateValueVector (2604), contains the struct CLocateValueInfo(2606). The struct CLocateValueInfo (2606) contains information aboutthe state of finding the information on the web page. The m_bKeyFound ofthe struct CLocateValuehnfo (2606) determines whether the key has beenfound. The m_bValueObtained of the struct CLocateValueInfo (2606)determines whether the value has been obtained. The m_nCounter of thestruct CLocateValueInfo (2606) is used to determine the current datalocation with respect to the key in searching for the value of theinformation. There is a one to one correspondence between the twovectors. Thus, a struct CKeyValueInfo in m_KeyValueVector (2600)corresponds to a struct CLocateValueInfo in m_LocateValueVector (2604).Both vectors have the same number of elements. The vectors are usedtogether to obtain information about the network printer from its webpage.

FIG. 27 shows a flowchart for executing the searchDataFromHTML( )function of CHTMLProcessor 2002 (FIG. 20). A line from the web page of anetwork printer is passed into this function. Each line is searched forthe keys and values of the information desired of the network printer.In steps 2702 and 2704, vector iterators corresponding to the vectorsm_KeyValueVector and m_LocateValueVector are set to the beginning of thevectors. A vector iterator points to an element in a vector. In step2706, one of the vector iterators is checked to see it is at the end ofthe vector. Since both vectors are of the same size, only one vectoriterator need probably be checked. If the vector iterator is at the endof the vector, then the searchDataFromHTML( ) function is done in step2708.

In step 2710, the m_bKeyFound member of CLocateValueInfo pointed to bythe vector iterator for m_LocateValueVector is checked to determine ifit is true. m_bKeyFound member of CLocateValueInfo determines if thesKey member of CKeyValueInfo pointed to by the vector iterator form_KeyValueVector has been found in a previous line of the web page. Ifm_bKeyFound is not true, then step 2712 is performed. In step 2712, thesKey member of CKeyValueInfo pointed to by the vector iterator form_KeyValueVector is checked to determine if sKey exists in the line ofthe web page passed into the function. If sKey is not found in the lineof the web page, then in step 2720, the vector iterators form_KeyValueVector and m_LocateValueVector are incremented to point to thenext element in the vectors and the system goes on to perform step 2706.

If sKey is found in the line of the web page in step 2712, then in step2714, the m_bKeyFound member of CLocateValueInfo pointed to by thevector iterator for m_LocateValueVector is set to be true. Next, thenPosition, sDelimiter, and nInLinePosition members of CKeyValueInfopointed to by the vector iterator for m_KeyValueVector are used toobtain the value corresponding to sKey from the line of the web page instep 2716. If the value cannot be obtained from the current line of theweb page, the m_nCounter of CLocateValueInfo is updated. m_nCounterkeeps track of the data position from sKey in the web page, andsubsequently the vector iterators for m_KeyValueVector andm_LocateValueVector are incremented to point to the next element in thevectors as identified in step 2720. If the value is obtained from theline of the web page, then in step 2718, the eStdEnum member ofCKeyValueInfo corresponding to sKey and the value obtained are added tothe map that contains all the information about the network printer.Also, m_bValueObtained member of CLocateValueInfo is set to be trueprior to performing step 2722.

If the m_bKeyFound member of CLocateValuehnfo pointed to by the vectoriterator for m_LocateValueVector is true in step 2710, then step 2722 isperformed. The m_bValueObtained member of CLocateValueInfo pointed to bythe vector iterator for m_LocateValueVector is checked to see if it istrue in step 2722. m_bValueObtained member of CLocateValueInfo indicatesif the value corresponding to sKey of CKeyValueInfo has been obtainedfrom the line of the web page. If m_bValueObtained of CLocateValueInfois false, then step 2724 is performed. The nPosition, sDelimiter, andnInLinePosition members of CKeyValueInfo and m_nCounter ofCLocateValueInfo are used to obtain the value corresponding to sKey fromthe line of the web page in step 2724. If the value corresponding tosKey cannot be obtained from the line of the web page, the m_nCounter ofCLocateValueInfo is updated and step 2720 is processed next. However, ifthe value corresponding to sKey can be obtained, then step 2718 isprocessed next. Steps 2720 and 2718 are described above and thereforewill not be repeated herein.

If the m_bValueObtained member of CLocateValueInfo in step 2722 is true,then the elements corresponding to the iterators are removed fromm_KeyValueVector and m_LocateValueVector in step 2726 and subsequentlystep 2706 is performed.

As described above, the use of the two vectors to obtain the informationallows all the data to be searched for in each line of the web pagerather than searching the entire web page one data at a time. Thiseliminates the need to read the same web page from the network printerfor each information that needs to be obtained from the web page.

FIG. 28 shows an exemplary schematic of the two vectors m_KeyValueVector(2800) and m_LocateValueVector (2802) and lines from a web page (2804)of a network printer. The lines of the web page (2804) are read in oneline at a time from the network printer. The data elements that can beobtained from the lines are indicated in bold face. It will beappreciated that the information in the HTML tags of the web page do notcontain the desired information about the network printers. It is thedata elements from where the key and value of the information are to beobtained. For each line of the web page, each of the elements of thevectors m_KeyValueVector (2800) and m_LocateValueVector (2802) are usedby the system to determine the key and value information. For the firstline of the web page in this example, if m_bKeyFound for the firstelement in m_LocateValueVector (2802) is false, then the system searchesfor the string sKey of the first element in m_KeyValueVector (2800) inthe first line. That is, the system will search for “Black” in the firstline. Whether the system finds “Black” in the first line or not, thesystem goes to the next element in m_KeyValueVector (2800) andm_LocateValueVector (2802) and repeats the same steps for the nextelements. All the elements in the vectors m_KeyValueVector (2800) andm_LocateValueVector (2802) would be checked to determine if sKey memberof the struct CKeyValueInfo can be found in the first line.

In the exemplary schematic of FIG. 28, it is not until line 3 of the webpage (2804) that sKey, “Black” of the first element of m_KeyValueVector(2800) is found. Since sKey has been found, m_bKeyFound of the firstelement of m_LocateValueVector (2802) is set to true. The system thentries to obtain the value corresponding to sKey using nPosition,sDelimiter, and nInLinePosition of the first element of m_KeyValueVector(2800). nPosition is 2 for the first element of m_KeyValueVector (2800).This means that the value of the information is 2 data elements awayfrom sKey, “Black”. m_nCounter of the first element ofm_LocateValueVector (2802) keeps track of the number of data elementsencountered. Since there are no data elements after “Black”, m_nCounterremains 0. The remaining two elements of the vectors are checked to seeif the keys can be found. In line 4, since m_bKeyFound of the firstelement of m_LocateValueVector (2802) is true, the data elements aresearched for in the line. Since no data elements are found, m_nCounterof the first element of m_LocateValueVector (2802) remains 0. Again theremaining two elements of the vectors are checked to see if the keys canbe found.

One would note that, it is not until line 6 of the web page (2804) ofFIG. 28 that another data element “&nbsp;” is found. m_nCounter of thefirst element of m_LocateValueVector (2802) is incremented to 1. SincenPosition is 2 for the first element of m_KeyValueVector (2800), thevalue of the information is not been reached. Again the remaining twoelements of the vectors are checked to see if the keys can be found. Inline 7 of the web page (2804) another data element “100%” is found.m_nCounter of the first element of m_LocateValueVector (2802) isincremented to 2. Since nPosition is 2 for the first element ofm_KeyValueVector (2800), the value of the information is reached. With avalue of “%” for sDelimiter and 0 for nInLinePosition for the firstelement of m_KeyValueVector (2800), the value corresponds to the stringbefore “%”. Thus, the value of the information is 100. Since the valueof the information is obtained, the first element in each vector areremoved from the vector leaving only two elements. The remaining twoelements of the vectors are checked to see if the keys can be found.This process is repeated for each line of the web page (2804) until allthe values for the information can be found. Using the two vectors allowall the information to be searched in each line of the web pageirrespective of the vector containing one or more element.

FIG. 29 shows a sequence diagram for executing the getVendorModelID( )of CHTTP_HTML (2000). This function returns the vendor model ID of thenetwork printer. This function also populates the map structurem_VendorModelMap of CHTTP_HTML (2000) as described in FIG. 15. The mapstructure contains all the network printers that will be monitored forits status information. This map structure provides information aboutthe web pages of an accessed network printer and information about whatto extract from those web pages. CHTTP_HTML (2000) callssetVendorModelID( ) of SupportInfoODBC (1114) package. This functionsets up the SupportInfoODBC (1114) package to access information onlyrelated to a specific vendor and model of the network printer.CHTTP_HTML (2000) calls getWebPageInfo( ) of SupportInfoODBC (1114)package. This function returns the web page and a vector ofCKeyValueInfo. The CKeyValueInfo provides information needed to extractstatus information from the web page. The web page and vector ofCKeyValueInfo are placed into the map structure m_VendorModelMap.CHTTP_HTML (2000) calls getWebPageInfo( ) of SupportInfoODBC (1114)package multiple times until it returns false, in order to obtain allthe information used to extract the status information from the webpages of a specific vendor and model of the network printer.

FIG. 30 shows the class diagram of the SupportInfoODBC (1114) package asshown in FIG. 11. This package accesses the database to obtaininformation about the vendors and models of network printers supportedby the system. SupportInfoODBC package obtains information from thedatabase used to obtain information from the network printers' webpages. The CSupportInfoODBC (3000) class is the interface for thispackage and manages the other classes in this package to perform thefollowing tasks. The CVendorModelInformationData (3002) class obtainsinformation from the database used to determine the vendor and model ofthe network printer from one of its web pages. TheCVendorModelAndUniqueIDsData (3004) class obtains information from thedatabase used to determine the unique identifier of the network printerfrom one of its web pages. The CKeyValueData (3006) class obtainsinformation from the database used to obtain the status information fromthe web pages of the network printer. The CVendorModelWebPageData (3008)class obtains information from the database that determines what webpages are associated with the vendor and model of the network printers.The CVendorModelInformationTable (3010) class provides an interface tothe table (VendorModelInformation table) in the support database thatcontains information used to determine the vendor and model of thenetwork printer from one of its web pages. TheCVendorModelAndUniqueIDsTable (3012) class provides an interface to thetable (VendorModelAndUniqueIDs table) in the support database thatcontains information used to determine the unique identifier of thenetwork printer from one of its web pages. The CKeyValueTable (3014)class provides an interface to the table (KeyValue table) in the supportdatabase that contains information used to obtain the status informationfrom the web pages of the network printer. The CVendorModelWebPageTable(3016) class provides an interface to the table (VendorModelWebPagetable) in the support database that contains information to determinewhat web pages are associated with the vendor and model of the networkprinters. CVendorModelInformationTable (3010),CVendorModelAndUniqueIDsTable (3012), CKeyValueTable (3014), andCVendorModelWebPageTable (3016) are all classes derived from CRecordset(3018) of the Microsoft Foundation Class (MFC) library.

FIG. 31 shows the sequence diagram for executing the getVendorModelID( )of the HTTP_HTML (1112) package. This sequence of function callspopulates the table structure of the HTTP_HTML (1112) package describedin FIG. 14. This table structure is used to obtain status informationfor specific vendors and models of network printers. This sequence offunction calls in the sequence diagram is used to change the informationthat is stored in the database to an internal structure in the system.The information in the database may not be organized in a manner for thesystem to easily use the data. This is because the requirements of thedatabase differs from that of the system. Therefore, it is preferred toaccess the information from the tables of the database and store thedata in an internal structure that is convenient for the system to use.The sequence diagram of FIG. 31 is a method for changing the informationobtained from database to an internal structure.

In FIG. 31, HTTP_HTML (1112) calls setVendorModelID( ) ofCSupportInfoODBC (3000). Then CSupportInfoODBC (3000) callssetVendorModelID( ) of CVendorModelWebPageData (3008). This functionobtains from the database all the web pages associated with a vendor andmodel of the network printer. HTTP_HTML (3000) calls getWebPageInfo( )of CSupportInfoODBC (3000). Then CSupportInfoODBC (3000) callsgetWebPageAndID( ) of CVendorModelWebPageData (3008) to obtain a webpage associated with the vendor and model of the network printer.CSupportInfoODBC (3000) calls setVendorModelWebID( ) of CKeyValueData(3006) to access the table in the database that contains all the statusinformation that can be obtained from a specific web page of the networkprinter. CSupportInfoODBC (3000) calls getKeyValueInfo( ) ofCKeyValueData (3006) to obtain information used to obtain the statusinformation from the web page of the network printer. CSupportInfoODBC(3000) calls getKeyValueInfo( ) of CKeyValueData (3006) multiple timesto get all the information used to obtain all the status informationassociated with the web page of the network printer. The sequence ofcalling getWebPageInfo( ) of CSupportInfoODBC (3000), getWebPageAndID( )of CVendorModelWebPageData (3008), and setVendorModelWebID( ) andgetKeyValueInfo( ) of CKeyValueData (3006) is repeated untilgetWebPageAndID( ) returns false. This calling sequence changesinformation obtained from two tables (KeyValue table andVendorModelWcbPage table) of the support database into information thatcan be stored in an internal table structure used to obtain all thestatus information from the web pages of a network printer of a specificvendor and model.

FIG. 32 shows a flowchart for executing the setVendorModelID( ) ofCSupportInfoODBC. setVendorModelID( ) obtains all the web pagesassociated with a specific vendor and model of a network printer and itscorresponding vendor model IDs from the table, VendorModelWebPage, ofthe support database and places it into a vector. In step 3202 a filteris specified corresponding to the range of vendor model IDs. The rangeof vendor model IDs corresponds to the web pages associated with aspecific vendor and model of a network printer. By setting the filter, atable in the database preferably contains those entries in the tablethat satisfy the filter when it is opened. So all entries that havevendor model ID within the range of the vendor model ID of the filterwill be included in the table. In step 3204, the table of the supportdatabase is opened. In step 3206, the system checks if the end of thetable of the database is reached. If the end of the table is notreached, then the vendor model ID and the corresponding web page isplaced into a pair structure and the pair structure is placed into avector in step 3208. If the end of the table is reached, the systemperforms the tasks set forth in step 3212 as described below. In step3210, the system moves to the next entry in the table of the databaseand then refers to step 3206 for iteration.

In step 3212, an iterator for the vector containing the pairs of vendormodel ID and web page is set to the beginning of the vector. In step3214, the table of the database is closed and the execution ofsetVendorModelID( ) is completed in step 3216. The vector is used ingetWebPageInfo( ) of CSupportInfoODBC as described in FIG. 33.

FIG. 33 shows the flowchart for executing the getWebPageInfo( ) ofCSupportInfoODBC. This function returns the web page of a given vendorand model of a network printer and status information that can beobtained from the web page. In step 3302, the web page and the vendormodel ID for a specific vendor and model of the network printer areobtained from the vector as described in FIG. 32. In step 3304, thesystem determines if there are any more web pages and vendor model IDsfor the network printer. If no more web pages or vendor model IDsremain, then execution of the getWebPageInfo( ) of CSupportInfoODBC iscompleted in step 3320. However, if more web pages or vendor model IDsare present, then the table, KeyValue, of the support database is openedusing the vendor model ID of the network printer as the filter in step3306. The filter is set to the vendor model ID so that when the table ofthe database is opened, only those entries in the table with the samevendor model ID exist in the table. Step 3308 checks to determine if thetable is empty. If it is, step 3302 is subsequently executed. However,if the table is not empty, step 3310 is executed.

In step 3310 of FIG. 33, information about status information that needto be extracted from the web page of the network printer is obtainedfrom the table, VendorModelWebPage, of the support database. Theinformation is placed into the vector in step 3312, and the system movesto the next entry in the table of the database in step 3314. The systemdetermines if it is at the end of the table of the database in step3316. If it is not, the system executes step 3310. However, if the endof the table of the database is reached, the table of the database isclosed in step 3318 and getWebPageInfo( ) of CSupportInfoODBC iscompleted in step 3320.

The present invention enables monitoring of the various devices in amulti-vendor environment and further facilitates retrieving anddisplaying detailed information in a user-comprehensible oruser-friendly manner even without having specific private managementinformation base (MIB) information. In addition, the stored monitoredinformation can be sent out through FTP or e-mail as described inco-pending applications that are incorporated herein by reference.

Although the present invention is shown to include a few devices, thatrequire monitoring, connected to network, it will be appreciated thatmore than a few devices may be connected to the network withoutdeviating from the spirit and scope of the invention. Also, the presentinvention may also be applied in a home environment where variousdevices need to be monitored and controlled.

The present invention enables the monitoring of the various devices in amulti-vendor environment and further facilitates retrieving anddisplaying detailed information in a user-comprehensible oruser-friendly manner even without having specific private managementinformation base (MIB) information.

The controller of the present invention may be conveniently implementedusing a conventional general purpose digital computer or amicroprocessor programmed according to the teachings of the presentspecification, as will be apparent to those skilled in the computer art.Appropriate software coding can readily be prepared by skilledprogrammers based on the teachings of the present disclosure, as will beapparent to those skilled in the software art. The invention may also beimplemented by the preparation of application specific integratedcircuits or by interconnecting an appropriate network of conventionalcomponent circuits, as will be readily apparent to those skilled in theart.

The present invention includes a computer program product which is astorage medium including instructions which can be used to program acomputer to perform a process of the invention. The storage medium caninclude, but is not limited to, any type of disk including floppy disks,optical discs, CD-ROMs, and magneto-optical disks, ROMS, RAMs, EPROMs,EEPROMs, magnetic or optical cards, or any type of media suitable forstoring electronic instructions.

Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the presentinvention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is thereforeto be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, theinvention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically describedherein.

1. In a communication system having one or more monitored image outputdevices communicatively coupled to a monitoring system, a databasehaving information related to the one or more monitored image outputdevices, a method of obtaining and maintaining, in the monitoringsystem, information related to the monitored image output devicescomprising: a) accessing the one or more monitored image output devicesand obtaining therefrom a first model name and a first vendor name ofthe one or more monitored image output devices by using a first IPaddress; b) storing configuration information corresponding to each ofthe one or more monitored image output devices, said configurationinformation including a second vendor name, a second model name and asecond IP address of the one or more monitored image output devices; c)updating the configuration information to include the first model nameof the one or more monitored image output devices when the first modelname is different than the second model name and the first IP address isthe same as the second IP address; d) updating the configurationinformation to include the first vendor name of the one or moremonitored image output devices when the first vendor name is differentthan the second vendor name and the first IP address is the same as thesecond IP address; e) enabling the monitoring system to access thedatabase in order to retrieve information related to the monitored imageoutput devices; f) populating a first data structure with informationretrieved from the database; g) determining if a monitored image outputdevice is supported by the monitoring system using information from thedatabase; h) establishing communication with the monitored image outputdevice in order to obtain status information of the monitored imageoutput device if the monitored image output device is determined to besupported by the monitoring system; i) accessing a web page in an HTMLformat from a web server stored in the respective monitored image outputdevices so as to obtain a line from the web page; and j) parsing,without human interaction, the line from the web page to obtain thestatus information in accordance with information included in the firstdata structure, said parsing includes searching the line from the webpage for a key included in the first data structure, and the informationincluded in the first data structure includes a location of the statusinformation within the web page with respect to a location of the key inthe web page, wherein step h) is performed using an HTTP protocol. 2.The method according to claim 1, further comprising: storing informationrelated to vendors and models of the monitored image output devices insaid database.
 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein: step f)further comprises retrieving information about vendors, models, andinformation to obtain unique identifiers of monitored image outputdevices.
 4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: storinginformation about vendors of monitored image output devices supported bythe monitoring system; and storing information that is used forobtaining a model of a monitored image output device from a web page ofthe monitored image output device.
 5. The method according to claim 1,further comprising: populating the retrieved information from thedatabase into a plurality of fields of said first data structure, thefirst data structure including: a first field having information relatedto a vendor of the monitored image output device; a second field havinga reference to a web page having model information of the monitoredimage output device; and a third field having information that is usedto obtain model information from a web page of the monitored imageoutput device.
 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step ofaccessing further comprises periodically accessing the web page, and thestep of parsing further comprises parsing the line to obtain one of thestatus information, model information, and vendor information, the linebeing a line of HTML script obtained without displaying the web page. 7.A method of obtaining and maintaining information about one or moremonitored image output devices in a monitoring system, comprising: a)accessing the one or more monitored image output devices and obtainingtherefrom a first model name and a first vendor name of the one or moremonitored image output devices by using a first IP address; b) storingconfiguration information corresponding to each of the one or moremonitored image output devices, said configuration information includinga second vendor name, a second model name and a second IP address of theone or more monitored image output devices; c) updating theconfiguration information to include the first model name of the one ormore monitored image output devices when the first model name isdifferent than the second model name and the first IP address is thesame as the second IP address; d) updating the configuration informationto include the first vendor name of the one or more monitored imageoutput devices when the first vendor name is different than the secondvendor name and the first IP address is the same as the second IPaddress; e) storing updated vendor name and undated model name of themonitored image output devices in a database; f) enabling a monitoringsystem to access the database in order to retrieve the stored vendorname and model name; g) populating a first data structure with thevendor name retrieved from said database; h) populating a second datastructure with the model name if no further vendor information remainsto be populated in the first data structure; i) determining if amonitored image output device is supported by the monitoring systemusing information from the database; j) establishing communication withthe monitored image output device to obtain status information of themonitored image output device if the monitored image output device isdetermined to be supported by the monitoring system; k) accessing a webpage in an HTML format from a web server stored in the respectivemonitored image output devices so as to obtain a line from the web page;and l) parsing, without human interaction, the line from the web page toobtain the status information in accordance with information included inthe first data structure, said parsing includes searching the line fromthe web page for a key included in the first data structure, and theinformation included in the first data structure includes a location ofthe status information within the web page with respect to a location ofthe key in the web page, wherein step h) is performed using an HTTPprotocol.
 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein step g) furthercomprises: populating a sub-data structure of said first data structurewith a vendor name of a monitored image output device, a web page havinga model name of the monitored image output device, and information forobtaining the model name from the web page.
 9. The method according toclaim 8, further comprising: adding the sub-data structure of the firstdata structure to a data structure vector; adding the model name and thesub-data structure of the first data structure to a data structure map;and adding the vendor name and the data structure map to a datastructure representing a vendormodel ID map.
 10. The method according toclaim 9, further comprising: i) using an entry from the data structurevector to access the web page of the monitored image output device; ii)identifying a vendor of the accessed monitored image output device asvendor name in the sub-data structure of the first data structure; iii)obtaining model name of the monitored image output device from the webpage using information in the sub-data structure of the first datastructure; and iv) comparing the model name with information stored inthe second data structure in order to determine if the model name of themonitored image output device is supported by the monitoring system. 11.The method according to claim 10, further comprising: iterating steps i)to iv) for all elements of the data structure vector if the monitoringsystem cannot access the web page or if the model name cannot beobtained from the web page; and determining that the monitored imageoutput device is not supported by the monitoring system if themonitoring system is unsuccessful in obtaining the vendor and model nameof the monitored image output device after iterating through allelements of the data structure vector.
 12. The method according to claim7, wherein the step of accessing further comprises periodicallyaccessing the web page, and the step of parsing further comprisesparsing the line to obtain one of the status information, modelinformation, and vendor information, the line being a line of HTMLscript obtained without displaying the web page.
 13. In a communicationsystem having one or more monitored image output devices communicativelycoupled to a monitoring system, a database having information related tothe one or more monitored image output devices, an apparatus forobtaining and maintaining in a monitoring system information related tothe monitored image output devices comprising: means for accessing theone or more monitored image output devices and obtaining therefrom afirst model name and a first vendor name of the one or more monitoredimage output devices by using a first IP address; means for storingconfiguration information corresponding to each of the one or moremonitored image output devices, said configuration information includinga second vendor name, a second model name and a second IP address of theone or more monitored image output devices; means for updating theconfiguration information to include the first model name of the one ormore monitored image output devices when the first model name isdifferent than the second model name and the first IP address is thesame as the second IP address, and updating the configurationinformation to include the first vendor name of the one or moremonitored image output devices when the first vendor name is differentthan the second vendor name and the first IP address is the same as thesecond IP address; means for enabling the monitoring system to accessthe database in order to retrieve information related to the monitoredimage output devices; means for populating a first data structure withinformation retrieved from the database; means for determining if amonitored image output device is supported by the monitoring systemusing information from the database; means for establishingcommunication with the monitored image output device using an HTTPprotocol in order to obtain status information of the monitored imageoutput device if the monitored image output device is determined to besupported by the monitoring system; means for accessing a web page in anHTML format from a web server stored in the respective monitored imageoutput devices so as to obtain a line from the web page; and means forparsing, without human interaction, the line of the web page to obtainthe status information in accordance with information included in thefirst data structure, said means for parsing searches the line from theweb page for a key included in the first data structure, and theinformation included in the first data structure includes a location ofthe status information within the web page with respect to a location ofthe key in the web page, wherein said means for establishing uses anHTTP protocol.
 14. The apparatus according to claim 13, furthercomprising: means for storing information related to vendors and modelsof the monitored image output devices in said database.
 15. Theapparatus according to claim 13, wherein means for populating furthercomprises: means for retrieving information about vendors, models, andinformation to obtain unique identifiers of monitored image outputdevices.
 16. The apparatus according to claim 13, further comprising:means for storing information about vendors of monitored image outputdevices supported by the monitoring system; and means for storinginformation that is used for obtaining a model of the monitored imageoutput device from a web page of the monitored image output device. 17.The system according to claim 13, wherein the means for accessingfurther comprises means for periodically accessing the web page, and themeans for parsing further comprises means for parsing the line to obtainone of the status information, model information, and vendorinformation, the line being a line of HTML script obtained withoutdisplaying the web page.
 18. An apparatus for obtaining and maintaininginformation about one or more monitored image output devices in amonitoring system, comprising: means for accessing the one or moremonitored image output devices and obtaining therefrom a first modelname and a first vendor name of the one or more monitored image outputdevices by using a first IP address; means for storing configurationinformation corresponding to each of the one or more monitored imageoutput devices, said configuration information including a second vendorname, a second model name and a second IP address of the one or moremonitored image output devices; means for updating the configurationinformation to include the first model name of the one or more monitoredimage output devices when the first model name is different than thesecond model name and the first IP address is the same as the second IPaddress; means for updating the configuration information to include thefirst vendor name of the one or more monitored image output devices whenthe first vendor name is different than the second vendor name and thefirst IP address is the same as the second IP address; means for storingupdated vendor name and updated model name related to the monitoredimage output devices in a database; means for enabling a monitoringsystem to access the database in order to retrieve the stored vendorname and vendor model name; means for populating a first data structurewith the vendor name retrieved from said database; means for populatinga second data structure with the model name if no further vendorinformation remains to be populated in the first data structure; meansfor determining if a monitored image output device is supported by themonitoring system using information from the database; means forestablishing communication with the monitored image output device toobtain status information of a monitored image output device if themonitored image output device is determined to be supported by themonitoring system; means for accessing a web page in an HTML format froma web server stored in the respective monitored image output devices soas to obtain a line from the web page; and means for parsing, withouthuman interaction, the line of the web page to obtain the statusinformation in accordance with information included in the first datastructure, said means for parsing searches the line from the web pagefor a key included in the first data structure, and the informationincluded in the first data structure includes a location of the statusinformation within the web page with respect to a location of the key inthe web page, wherein said means for establishing uses an HTTP protocol.19. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the means for accessingfurther comprises means for periodically accessing the web page, and themeans for parsing further comprises means for parsing the line to obtainone of the status information, model information, and vendorinformation, the line being a line of HTML script obtained withoutdisplaying the web page.